PURPOSE: To assess the agreement of intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with the Tono-Pen and the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in normal children and adolescents. METHODS: A total of 439 subjects from birth to <18 years of age without anterior segment anomalies or glaucoma had their IOP measured with the two instruments by separate, masked examiners in the office or under general anesthesia. RESULTS: On average, the Tono-Pen measured values slightly lower than the GAT for IOP <11 mm Hg and slightly higher than the GAT for IOP >11 mm Hg in the office setting. Using the average of GAT and Tono-Pen IOPs to estimate the true IOP, the average difference (GAT - Tono-Pen) was 0.4 mm Hg at IOP of 10 mm Hg and -3.0 mm Hg at IOP of 20 mm Hg. The 95% limits of agreement on the average difference between instruments were ± 6.4 mm Hg in the office setting and ± 6.8 mm Hg under general anesthesia. Larger differences between instruments were found with younger age. Standard error of measurement with the Tono-Pen was 1.44 mm Hg and 1.82 mm Hg for the office and anesthesia settings, respectively. Thicker corneas were associated with higher IOP with both the GAT and the Tono-Pen. CONCLUSIONS: In normal children, average differences between IOP measured by Tono-Pen and GAT were small, although there was substantial test-retest variability. Younger age was associated with larger average differences, as was higher IOP in the office setting.
PURPOSE: To assess the agreement of intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with the Tono-Pen and the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in normal children and adolescents. METHODS: A total of 439 subjects from birth to <18 years of age without anterior segment anomalies or glaucoma had their IOP measured with the two instruments by separate, masked examiners in the office or under general anesthesia. RESULTS: On average, the Tono-Pen measured values slightly lower than the GAT for IOP <11 mm Hg and slightly higher than the GAT for IOP >11 mm Hg in the office setting. Using the average of GAT and Tono-Pen IOPs to estimate the true IOP, the average difference (GAT - Tono-Pen) was 0.4 mm Hg at IOP of 10 mm Hg and -3.0 mm Hg at IOP of 20 mm Hg. The 95% limits of agreement on the average difference between instruments were ± 6.4 mm Hg in the office setting and ± 6.8 mm Hg under general anesthesia. Larger differences between instruments were found with younger age. Standard error of measurement with the Tono-Pen was 1.44 mm Hg and 1.82 mm Hg for the office and anesthesia settings, respectively. Thicker corneas were associated with higher IOP with both the GAT and the Tono-Pen. CONCLUSIONS: In normal children, average differences between IOP measured by Tono-Pen and GAT were small, although there was substantial test-retest variability. Younger age was associated with larger average differences, as was higher IOP in the office setting.
Authors: Yasmin S Bradfield; B Michele Melia; Michael X Repka; Brett M Kaminski; Bradley V Davitt; David A Johnson; Raymond T Kraker; Ruth E Manny; Noelle S Matta; Katherine K Weise; Susan Schloff Journal: Arch Ophthalmol Date: 2011-09
Authors: Matthew D Karl; Jasmine H Francis; Saipriya Iyer; Brian Marr; David H Abramson Journal: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus Date: 2017-01-17 Impact factor: 1.402
Authors: Katherine K Weise; Brett Kaminski; Michele Melia; Michael X Repka; Yasmin S Bradfield; Bradley V Davitt; David A Johnson; Raymond T Kraker; Ruth E Manny; Noelle S Matta; Susan Schloff Journal: J AAPOS Date: 2013-04 Impact factor: 1.220
Authors: Essam A Osman; Priscilla W Gikandi; Abdul-Rahman A Al-Jasser; Majeedah Alotaibi; Ahmed Mousa Journal: Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol Date: 2018 Jan-Mar