High Resolution, Full Field-of-View, Whole Body Photon-Counting Detector CT: System Assessment and Initial Experience.

Computed tomography (CT) using photon-counting detectors (PCD) offers dose-efficient ultra-high-resolution imaging, high iodine contrast-to-noise ratio, multi-energy and material decomposition capabilities. We have previously demonstrated the potential benefits of PCD-CT using phantoms, cadavers, and human studies on a prototype PCD-CT system. This system, however, had several limitations in terms of scan field-of-view (FOV) and longitudinal coverage. Recently, a full FOV (50 cm) PCD-CT system with wider longitudinal coverage and higher spatial resolution (0.15 mm detector pixels) has been installed in our lab capable of human scanning at clinical dose and dose rate. In this work, we share our initial experience of the new PCD-CT system and compare its performance with a state-of-the-art 3rd generation dual-source CT scanner. Basic image quality was assessed using an ACR CT accreditation phantom, high-resolution performance using an anthropomorphic head phantom, and multi-energy and material decomposition performance using a multi-energy CT phantom containing various concentrations of iodine and hydroxyapatite. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of high-resolution, full FOV PCD-CT imaging for improved delineation of anatomical and pathological features in a patient with pulmonary nodules.