| Literature DB >> 34257290 |
Shengjun Tan1,2, Huijing Ma1,2,3, Jinbo Wang1,2, Man Wang4, Mengxia Wang1,2,3, Haodong Yin1,3, Yaqiong Zhang1,2, Xinying Zhang1,3, Jieyu Shen1,2,3, Danyang Wang3,5, Graham L Banes6,7, Zhihua Zhang3,5, Jianmin Wu4, Xun Huang3,8, Hua Chen3,9,10, Siqin Ge1,3, Chun-Long Chen11,12, Yong E Zhang13,14,15,16,17.
Abstract
Despite long being considered as "junk", transposable elements (TEs) are now accepted as catalysts of evolution. One example is Mutator-like elements (MULEs, one type of terminal inverted repeat DNA TEs, or TIR TEs) capturing sequences as Pack-MULEs in plants. However, their origination mechanism remains perplexing, and whether TIR TEs mediate duplication in animals is almost unexplored. Here we identify 370 Pack-TIRs in 100 animal reference genomes and one Pack-TIR (Ssk-FB4) family in fly populations. We find that single-copy Pack-TIRs are mostly generated via transposition-independent gap filling, and multicopy Pack-TIRs are likely generated by transposition after replication fork switching. We show that a proportion of Pack-TIRs are transcribed and often form chimeras with hosts. We also find that Ssk-FB4s represent a young protein family, as supported by proteomics and signatures of positive selection. Thus, TIR TEs catalyze new gene structures and new genes in animals via both transposition-independent and -dependent mechanisms.Entities:
Year: 2021 PMID： 34257290 DOI： 10.1038/s41467-021-24585-9
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Nat Commun ISSN： 2041-1723 Impact factor: 14.919