A review of current cross-linked polyethylenes used in total joint arthroplasty.

Major improvements have been made in new polyethylenes in regards to wear resistance and oxidation resistance. The background for and explanation of these improvements are presented in this study. The various manufacturing processes are described along with the possible features that the differences in manufacturing processes may have on wear, rate of particle generation, oxidation and mechanical properties. The role of some of the new polyethylenes in permitting the use of larger-diameter heads and the advantages of large-head diameters are discussed. Some of the advantages of metal-on-polyethylene versus hard-on-hard bearings also are described.