Andrew Leopold1, Daohai Yu2, Rajiv Bhuta1, Rahul Kataria1, Xiaoning Lu2, Asad Jehangir1, Martha Harrison1, Frank Friedenberg1, Zubair Malik1, Ron Schey1, Henry P Parkman3. 1. Gastroenterology Section, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3401 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. 2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 3. Gastroenterology Section, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3401 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. henry.parkman@temple.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple rapid swallows (MRS) during HREM assess post-deglutitive inhibition, LES relaxation, and subsequent esophageal contraction. AIMS: (1) To determine the relationship between MRS and single-swallow (SS) responses and (2) to determine if MRS provides information for symptomatic patients. METHODS: Healthy volunteers (HVs) and patients underwent HREM [30-s landmark, ten 5-mL SS, MRS (5 consecutive 2-mL swallows every 2-3 s)] and were analyzed with ManoView software version 3 with CC version 3.0. RESULTS: In 20 HVs, MRS response consisted of: (1) reduction in GEJ pressure; (2) absence of esophageal contractile activity during MRS; and (3) post-MRS peristaltic contraction greater than SS contractions. In 20 HVs and 403 patients, MRS IRP correlated with SS IRP (r = 0.65; p < 0.0001) and post-MRS contraction DCI correlated with SS DCI (r = 0.76; p < 0.0001). Abnormally elevated MRS IRP was seen in 68% type 2 achalasia, 50% type 3 achalasia, 47% EGJOO, and 9% jackhammer. Increased MRS DCI was seen in 53% type 2 achalasia, 92% type 3 achalasia, 10% EGJOO, 22% jackhammer, and 18% DES. Increased DCI post-MRS was seen in 38% patients with jackhammer, 8% type 3 achalasia, 12% EGJOO, and 9% DES. 14 out of 143 (10%) patients with normal or indeterminate results on SS analysis had at least one abnormality on MRS. CONCLUSIONS: MRS IRP correlated with SS IRP, and post-MRS DCI correlated with SS DCI. Patients with defined CC disorders have abnormalities on MRS. There were MRS abnormalities in some patients with normal SS studies, most notably suggesting impaired LES relaxation and/or spastic esophageal motility. MRS may complement the baseline SS study analysis.
BACKGROUND: Multiple rapid swallows (MRS) during HREM assess post-deglutitive inhibition, LES relaxation, and subsequent esophageal contraction. AIMS: (1) To determine the relationship between MRS and single-swallow (SS) responses and (2) to determine if MRS provides information for symptomatic patients. METHODS: Healthy volunteers (HVs) and patients underwent HREM [30-s landmark, ten 5-mL SS, MRS (5 consecutive 2-mL swallows every 2-3 s)] and were analyzed with ManoView software version 3 with CC version 3.0. RESULTS: In 20 HVs, MRS response consisted of: (1) reduction in GEJ pressure; (2) absence of esophageal contractile activity during MRS; and (3) post-MRS peristaltic contraction greater than SS contractions. In 20 HVs and 403 patients, MRSIRP correlated with SS IRP (r = 0.65; p < 0.0001) and post-MRS contraction DCI correlated with SS DCI (r = 0.76; p < 0.0001). Abnormally elevated MRSIRP was seen in 68% type 2 achalasia, 50% type 3 achalasia, 47% EGJOO, and 9% jackhammer. Increased MRS DCI was seen in 53% type 2 achalasia, 92% type 3 achalasia, 10% EGJOO, 22% jackhammer, and 18% DES. Increased DCI post-MRS was seen in 38% patients with jackhammer, 8% type 3 achalasia, 12% EGJOO, and 9% DES. 14 out of 143 (10%) patients with normal or indeterminate results on SS analysis had at least one abnormality on MRS. CONCLUSIONS:MRSIRP correlated with SS IRP, and post-MRS DCI correlated with SS DCI. Patients with defined CC disorders have abnormalities on MRS. There were MRS abnormalities in some patients with normal SS studies, most notably suggesting impaired LES relaxation and/or spastic esophageal motility. MRS may complement the baseline SS study analysis.
Entities:
Keywords:
Esophageal motor disorders; High-resolution esophageal manometry; Multiple rapid swallows
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