Eric Aliotta1,2, Kévin Moulin1, Zhaohuan Zhang1,3, Daniel B Ennis1,2,3. 1. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 2. Biomedical Physics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 3. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate a technique for simultaneous quantitative T2 and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping in the heart (T2 +ADC) using spin echo (SE) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). THEORY AND METHODS: T2 maps from T2 +ADC were compared with single-echo SE in phantoms and with T2 -prepared (T2 -prep) balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) in healthy volunteers. ADC maps from T2 +ADC were compared with conventional DWI in phantoms and in vivo. T2 +ADC was also demonstrated in a patient with acute myocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS: Phantom T2 values from T2 +ADC were closer to a single-echo SE reference than T2 -prep bSSFP (-2.3 ± 6.0% vs 22.2 ± 16.3%; P < 0.01), and ADC values were in excellent agreement with DWI (0.28 ± 0.4%). In volunteers, myocardial T2 values from T2 +ADC were significantly shorter than T2 -prep bSSFP (35.8 ± 3.1 vs 46.8 ± 3.8 ms; P < 0.01); myocardial ADC was not significantly (N.S.) different between T2 +ADC and conventional motion-compensated DWI (1.39 ± 0.18 vs 1.38 ± 0.18 mm2 /ms; P = N.S.). In the patient, T2 and ADC were both significantly elevated in the infarct compared with remote myocardium (T2 : 40.4 ± 7.6 vs 56.8 ± 22.0; P < 0.01; ADC: 1.47 ± 0.59 vs 1.65 ± 0.65 mm2 /ms; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: T2 +ADC generated coregistered, free-breathing T2 and ADC maps in healthy volunteers and a patient with acute MI with no cost in accuracy, precision, or scan time compared with DWI. Magn Reson Med 79:654-662, 2018.
PURPOSE: To evaluate a technique for simultaneous quantitative T2 and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping in the heart (T2 +ADC) using spin echo (SE) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). THEORY AND METHODS: T2 maps from T2 +ADC were compared with single-echo SE in phantoms and with T2 -prepared (T2 -prep) balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) in healthy volunteers. ADC maps from T2 +ADC were compared with conventional DWI in phantoms and in vivo. T2 +ADC was also demonstrated in a patient with acute myocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS: Phantom T2 values from T2 +ADC were closer to a single-echo SE reference than T2 -prep bSSFP (-2.3 ± 6.0% vs 22.2 ± 16.3%; P < 0.01), and ADC values were in excellent agreement with DWI (0.28 ± 0.4%). In volunteers, myocardial T2 values from T2 +ADC were significantly shorter than T2 -prep bSSFP (35.8 ± 3.1 vs 46.8 ± 3.8 ms; P < 0.01); myocardial ADC was not significantly (N.S.) different between T2 +ADC and conventional motion-compensated DWI (1.39 ± 0.18 vs 1.38 ± 0.18 mm2 /ms; P = N.S.). In the patient, T2 and ADC were both significantly elevated in the infarct compared with remote myocardium (T2 : 40.4 ± 7.6 vs 56.8 ± 22.0; P < 0.01; ADC: 1.47 ± 0.59 vs 1.65 ± 0.65 mm2 /ms; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:T2 +ADC generated coregistered, free-breathing T2 and ADC maps in healthy volunteers and a patient with acute MI with no cost in accuracy, precision, or scan time compared with DWI. Magn Reson Med 79:654-662, 2018.
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