H Shao1, E Y Chang2, C Pauli3, S Zanganeh4, W Bae4, C B Chung2, G Tang5, J Du6. 1. Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA. 2. Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA; Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA. 3. Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, LA Jolla, CA, USA. 4. Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA. 5. Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. 6. Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA. Electronic address: jiangdu@ucsd.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine T2* relaxation in articular cartilage using ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging and bi-component analysis, with an emphasis on the deep radial and calcified cartilage. METHODS: Ten patellar samples were imaged using two-dimensional (2D) UTE and Car-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequences. UTE images were fitted with a bi-component model to calculate T2* and relative fractions. CPMG images were fitted with a single-component model to calculate T2. The high signal line above the subchondral bone was regarded as the deep radial and calcified cartilage. Depth and orientation dependence of T2*, fraction and T2 were analyzed with histopathology and polarized light microscopy (PLM), confirming normal regions of articular cartilage. An interleaved multi-echo UTE acquisition scheme was proposed for in vivo applications (n = 5). RESULTS: The short T2* values remained relatively constant across the cartilage depth while the long T2* values and long T2* fractions tended to increase from subchondral bone to the superficial cartilage. Long T2*s and T2s showed significant magic angle effect for all layers of cartilage from the medial to lateral facets, while the short T2* values and T2* fractions are insensitive to the magic angle effect. The deep radial and calcified cartilage showed a mean short T2* of 0.80 ± 0.05 ms and short T2* fraction of 39.93 ± 3.05% in vitro, and a mean short T2* of 0.93 ± 0.58 ms and short T2* fraction of 35.03 ± 4.09% in vivo. CONCLUSION: UTE bi-component analysis can characterize the short and long T2* values and fractions across the cartilage depth, including the deep radial and calcified cartilage. The short T2* values and T2* fractions are magic angle insensitive.
OBJECTIVES: To determine T2* relaxation in articular cartilage using ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging and bi-component analysis, with an emphasis on the deep radial and calcified cartilage. METHODS: Ten patellar samples were imaged using two-dimensional (2D) UTE and Car-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequences. UTE images were fitted with a bi-component model to calculate T2* and relative fractions. CPMG images were fitted with a single-component model to calculate T2. The high signal line above the subchondral bone was regarded as the deep radial and calcified cartilage. Depth and orientation dependence of T2*, fraction and T2 were analyzed with histopathology and polarized light microscopy (PLM), confirming normal regions of articular cartilage. An interleaved multi-echo UTE acquisition scheme was proposed for in vivo applications (n = 5). RESULTS: The short T2* values remained relatively constant across the cartilage depth while the long T2* values and long T2* fractions tended to increase from subchondral bone to the superficial cartilage. Long T2*s and T2s showed significant magic angle effect for all layers of cartilage from the medial to lateral facets, while the short T2* values and T2* fractions are insensitive to the magic angle effect. The deep radial and calcified cartilage showed a mean short T2* of 0.80 ± 0.05 ms and short T2* fraction of 39.93 ± 3.05% in vitro, and a mean short T2* of 0.93 ± 0.58 ms and short T2* fraction of 35.03 ± 4.09% in vivo. CONCLUSION: UTE bi-component analysis can characterize the short and long T2* values and fractions across the cartilage depth, including the deep radial and calcified cartilage. The short T2* values and T2* fractions are magic angle insensitive.
Authors: Garry E Gold; Eric Han; Jeff Stainsby; Graham Wright; Jean Brittain; Christopher Beaulieu Journal: AJR Am J Roentgenol Date: 2004-08 Impact factor: 3.959
Authors: Jiang Du; Michael Carl; Mark Bydder; Atsushi Takahashi; Christine B Chung; Graeme M Bydder Journal: J Magn Reson Date: 2010-09-25 Impact factor: 2.229
Authors: Richard J Hodgson; Robert Evans; Peter Wright; Andrew J Grainger; Philip J O'Connor; Philip Helliwell; Dennis McGonagle; Paul Emery; Matthew D Robson Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2011-01-10 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Nikola Stikov; Kathryn E Keenan; John M Pauly; R Lane Smith; Robert F Dougherty; Garry E Gold Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2011-03-17 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Behnam Namiranian; Saeed Jerban; Yajun Ma; Erik W Dorthe; Amir Masoud-Afsahi; Jonathan Wong; Zhao Wei; Yanjun Chen; Darryl D'Lima; Eric Y Chang; Jiang Du Journal: J Biomech Date: 2020-10-24 Impact factor: 2.712
Authors: Hyungseok Jang; Alan B McMillan; Yajun Ma; Saeed Jerban; Eric Y Chang; Jiang Du; Richard Kijowski Journal: NMR Biomed Date: 2020-08-05 Impact factor: 4.044
Authors: Saeed Jerban; Yajun Ma; Lidi Wan; Adam C Searleman; Hyungseok Jang; Robert L Sah; Eric Y Chang; Jiang Du Journal: NMR Biomed Date: 2018-12-14 Impact factor: 4.044
Authors: H Shao; C Pauli; S Li; Y Ma; A S Tadros; A Kavanaugh; E Y Chang; G Tang; J Du Journal: Osteoarthritis Cartilage Date: 2017-02-01 Impact factor: 6.576
Authors: Hyungseok Jang; Zhao Wei; Mei Wu; Ya-Jun Ma; Eric Y Chang; Jody Corey-Bloom; Jiang Du Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2019-11-20 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Shu-Juan Fan; Jonathan Wong; Xin Cheng; Ya-Jun Ma; Eric Y Chang; Jiang Du; Sameer B Shah Journal: NMR Biomed Date: 2018-07-16 Impact factor: 4.044