Literature DB >> 25514000

Formylglycine, a post-translationally generated residue with unique catalytic capabilities and biotechnology applications.

Mason J Appel1, Carolyn R Bertozzi.   

Abstract

Formylglycine (fGly) is a catalytically essential residue found almost exclusively in the active sites of type I sulfatases. Formed by post-translational oxidation of cysteine or serine side chains, this aldehyde-functionalized residue participates in a unique and highly efficient catalytic mechanism for sulfate ester hydrolysis. The enzymes that produce fGly, formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE) and anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme (anSME), are as unique and specialized as fGly itself. FGE especially is structurally and mechanistically distinct, and serves the sole function of activating type I sulfatase targets. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanism by which fGly contributes to sulfate ester hydrolysis, the molecular details of fGly biogenesis by FGE and anSME, and finally, recent biotechnology applications of fGly beyond its natural catalytic function.

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Year:  2015        PMID: 25514000      PMCID: PMC4492166          DOI: 10.1021/cb500897w

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  ACS Chem Biol        ISSN: 1554-8929            Impact factor:   5.100


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