Controlled inversion therapy: an adjunct to the elimination of gravity-dependent fragments following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

The retention of passable stone debris is the primary shortcoming of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Residual stone debris is located almost universally in gravity-dependent caudal calices. Our findings suggest that multiple sessions of controlled inversion therapy could have a beneficial role in the postoperative management of this select group of patients.