S Mackay1, P Morgan, V Datta, A Chang, A Darzi. 1. Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London WZ 1PG, United Kingdom. s.mackay@ic.ac.uk
Abstract
BACKGROUND: "Massed" and "distributed" practice are important concepts in the acquisition of fine motor skills, and may be important in training in procedural skills. METHODS: A total of 41 novice subjects were recruited and randomized to three groups to receive training on the MIST VR surgical trainer. There were 14 subjects in each of groups A and B and 13 subjects in group C. Training comprised 20 min of massed practice for group A, 20 min of distributed practice in 5 min blocks for group B, and 15 min of distributed practice in 5-min blocks for group C. Following the training period, all groups had a 5-min rest period, followed by a 5-min retention test. Comparisons were made between groups A and B, and groups A and C. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between groups A and B (p = 0.023) on the retention test, with group B performing better. The increment between the groups was 19% for the overall score on MIST VR. There were also significant differences in the time taken to complete the task during the training phase (p = 0.023, training blocks 3 and 4). Graphical representation suggests no effect between groups A and C, and statistical analysis confirms that the observed difference in median score is not significant. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a benefit for distributed practice over massed practice in learning laparoscopic surgical skills on the MIST VR surgical trainer. This finding has potential implications for skills training in all areas of medicine.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: "Massed" and "distributed" practice are important concepts in the acquisition of fine motor skills, and may be important in training in procedural skills. METHODS: A total of 41 novice subjects were recruited and randomized to three groups to receive training on the MIST VR surgical trainer. There were 14 subjects in each of groups A and B and 13 subjects in group C. Training comprised 20 min of massed practice for group A, 20 min of distributed practice in 5 min blocks for group B, and 15 min of distributed practice in 5-min blocks for group C. Following the training period, all groups had a 5-min rest period, followed by a 5-min retention test. Comparisons were made between groups A and B, and groups A and C. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between groups A and B (p = 0.023) on the retention test, with group B performing better. The increment between the groups was 19% for the overall score on MIST VR. There were also significant differences in the time taken to complete the task during the training phase (p = 0.023, training blocks 3 and 4). Graphical representation suggests no effect between groups A and C, and statistical analysis confirms that the observed difference in median score is not significant. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a benefit for distributed practice over massed practice in learning laparoscopic surgical skills on the MIST VR surgical trainer. This finding has potential implications for skills training in all areas of medicine.
Authors: Koen W van Dongen; Gunnar Ahlberg; Luigi Bonavina; Fiona J Carter; Teodor P Grantcharov; Anders Hyltander; Marlies P Schijven; Alessandro Stefani; David C van der Zee; Ivo A M J Broeders Journal: Surg Endosc Date: 2010-06-24 Impact factor: 4.584
Authors: Rajesh Aggarwal; Teodor P Grantcharov; Jens R Eriksen; Dorthe Blirup; Viggo B Kristiansen; Peter Funch-Jensen; Ara Darzi Journal: Ann Surg Date: 2006-08 Impact factor: 12.969
Authors: Carol-Anne E Moulton; Adam Dubrowski; Helen Macrae; Brent Graham; Ethan Grober; Richard Reznick Journal: Ann Surg Date: 2006-09 Impact factor: 12.969