Conditions favoring retroactive interference between antecedent events (cue competition) and between subsequent events (outcome competition).

Retrieval of a target association (A-B) is often impaired if training of a similar association is interpolated between target training and testing; this is known as retroactive interference. Two experiments, in which rats were used as subjects in a sensory preconditioning preparation, studied the associative nature of retroactive interference between antecedent events (i.e., A and C in the A-B, C-B paradigm) and between subsequent events (i.e., B and C in the A-B, A-C paradigm). With the present preparation, retroactive interference was equally strong between antecedent events and between subsequent events. Moreover, interference occurred only if (1) an association was trained in the interpolated phase and (2) the target and interpolated associations had a common element in a common temporal location.