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Literature DB >> 11206199

Properties of inductive reasoning.

Abstract

This paper reviews the main psychological phenomena of inductive reasoning, covering 25 years of experimental and model-based research, in particular addressing four questions. First, what makes a case or event generalizable to other cases? Second, what makes a set of cases generalizable? Third, what makes a property or predicate projectable? Fourth, how do psychological models of induction address these results? The key results in inductive reasoning are outlined, and several recent models, including a new Bayesian account, are evaluated with respect to these results. In addition, future directions for experimental and model-based work are proposed.

Mesh：

Year: 2000 PMID： 11206199 DOI： 10.3758/bf03212996

Source DB: PubMed Journal: Psychon Bull Rev ISSN： 1069-9384

29 in total

Properties of inductive reasoning.

1. Induction with cross-classified categories.

2. Food for thought: cross-classification and category organization in a complex real-world domain.

3. A hypothesis-assessment model of categorical argument strength.

4. Culture, category salience, and inductive reasoning.

5. Does rank have its privilege? Inductive inferences within folkbiological taxonomies.

6. Ideals, central tendency, and frequency of instantiation as determinants of graded structure in categories.

7. Similarity, plausibility, and judgments of probability.

8. Children's use of sample size and diversity information within basic-level categories.

9. Infants' ability to draw inferences about nonobvious object properties: evidence from exploratory play.

10. Children's inductive inferences within superordinate categories: the role of language and category structure.

1. A relevance theory of induction.

2. Category-based induction: an effect of conclusion typicality.

3. What is typical about the typicality effect in category-based induction?

4. Relations between premise similarity and inductive strength.

5. When similarity and causality compete in category-based property generalization.

6. How many processes underlie category-based induction? Effects of conclusion specificity and cognitive ability.

7. Induction as conditional probability judgment.

8. The role of category coherence in experience-based prediction.

9. The influence of category coherence on inference about cross-classified entities.

Review 10. Three case studies in the Bayesian analysis of cognitive models.