Gains, losses, and amplifications of DNA sequences evaluated by comparative genomic hybridization in chondrosarcomas.

Comparative genomic hybridization was used to search for previously unknown gains and losses of DNA sequences along all chromosome arms in 29 chondrosarcoma specimens obtained from 23 patients. Extensive genetic aberrations, with a mean of 6 changes per tumor (range, 1 to 24), were detected in 21 of the 29 samples analyzed (72%). The majority of these changes were gains of whole chromosomes or whole chromosome arms. Gains of DNA sequence copy number were most frequent at 20q (38%), 17p (38%), 20p (31%), 1cen-q24 (28%), and 14q23-qter (28%). High-level amplifications of small chromosome regions were sporadic, detected in only 17% of the samples. The only recurrent high-level amplification, seen in two tumors (7%), affected the minimal common region 12cen-q15. Other amplifications, each encountered only once, involved 1p33-p35, 2p23-pter, 4p, 6p22-pter, 18q12-q22, 19p13.2, 19q13.2, and 20q13.1. Losses of DNA sequences were rare and were most commonly observed at 6cen-q22 (17%) and 9p (17%).