Anastomosis.

Esophageal anastomosis is still associated with a high rate of complications even though they have decreased considerably in recent years. Anastomotic leaks are more frequent in the neck than in the chest, and related mortality rate is not different. The leakage incidence does not depend on suture materials or on technical modalities used to perform the anastomosis. In fact, there is no difference between the leakage rate when comparing manual and mechanical anastomoses. The leak incidence after both mechanical and manual anastomoses is much higher in collective reviews than in reports coming from leading centers. "Frequent" esophageal surgeons can learn from their previous experience and therefore avoid technical errors, whereas "causal" esophageal surgeons do not have this opportunity. Performing an esophageal anastomosis is a technical matter, and suture healing is independent of the patient's biologic situation. Anastomotic fibrotic strictures are frequent after both manual and mechanical anastomoses, and most can be avoided by meticulous suturing technique.