Circular dichroism of squid rhodopsin and its intermediates.

Circular dichroism (CD) and absorption spectra of squid (Todarodes pacificus) rhodopsin, isorhodopsin and the intermediates was measured at low temperatures. Squid rhodopsin has positive CD bands at wavelengths corresponding the alpha- and beta-absorption bands at liquid nitrogen temperature (CD maxima: 485 nm at alpha-band and 348 nm at beta-band) as well as at room temperature (CD maxima: 474 nm at alpha-band and 347 nm at beta-band). The rotational strength of the alpha-band has a molecular ellipticity about twice that of cattle rhodopsin. The CD spectrum of bathorhodopsin displays a negative peak at 532 nm, the rotational strength of which has an absolute value slightly larger than that of rhodopsin. The reversal in sign at alpha-band of the CD spectrum may indicate that the isomerization of retinal chromophore from twisted 11-cis form to twisted 11-trans form has occurred in the process of conversion from rhodopsin to bathorhodopsin. Lumirhodopsin has a small negative CD band at 490 nm, the maximum of which lies at 25 nm shorter wavelengths than the absorption maximum (515 nm), and a large positive CD band near 290 nm, which is not observed in rhodopsin and the other intermediates. This band may de derived from a conformational change of the opsin. In the process of changing from lumirhodopsin to LM-rhodopsin, The CD bands at visible and near ultraviolet regions disappear. Both alkaline and acid metarhodopsins have no CD bands at visible and near ultraviolet regions.