Occurrence of octadecenoic fatty acid isomers from hydrogenated fats in human tissue lipid classes.

The level of trans-18:1 isomers in several isolated lipid classes of human liver, heart, red blood cells and plasma was determined. Phospholipids contained substantially fewer trans-18:1 isomers than triglycerides. The double bond distribution of the cis and trans octadecenoate fraction of triglycerides and phosphatidylcholines from human liver and heart was determined. Whereas the double bond distribution of the triglycerides correlated closely with the pattern found in dietary hydrogenated vegetable oils, the phosphatidylcholine fraction showed evidence of selective incorporation or metabolism of specific trans positional isomers. In general, isomers with double bonds near the methyl terminus were present at levels higher than expected from their relative abundance in the diet. Refinements in methodology needed to analyze octadecenoate double bond configuration and location in human tissues are presented.