Some effects of punishment on pain-elicited aggression.

Painful mechanical tail-pinch elicited aggressive responses in paired rats; response-contingent electric shock to either forepaws or hindpaws suppressed fighting and stereotyped aggressive postures, including those in which dominance was expressed. There was no evidence that aggression was facilitated by shock that was contingent on pain-elicited aggressive responses. Aggressive responding recovered when shock was discontinued.