| Literature DB >> 35020005 |
M M Speth1, U S Speth2, A R Sedaghat3, T Hummel4.
Abstract
This manuscript aims to provide an overview of the etiology and diagnosis of olfactory and gustatory disorders. Not only are they common with about 5% of the population affected, but olfactory and gustatory disorders have recently gained attention in light of the rising SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic: sudden loss of smell and/or taste is regarded as one of the cardinal symptoms. Furthermore, in the early diagnostics of neurodegenerative diseases, olfactory disorders are of great importance. Patients with olfactory dysfunction often show signs of depression. The impact of olfactory/gustatory disorders is thus considerable, but therapeutic options are unfortunately still limited. Following a description of the etiology, the diagnostic and therapeutic options are discussed on the basis of current literature. Potential future treatments are also addressed, e.g. autologous mucosal grafts or olfactory implants.Entities:
Keywords: Anosmia; COVID-19; Olfaction; Respiratory tract infections; Rhinosinusitis
Mesh:
Year: 2022 PMID: 35020005 PMCID: PMC8753950 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-021-01132-y
Source DB: PubMed Journal: HNO ISSN: 0017-6192 Impact factor: 1.284
| Normosmie | Normale olfaktorische Funktion |
| Hyposmie | Quantitativ reduzierte olfaktorische Funktion |
| Funktionale Anosmie | Quantitativ reduzierter Riechsinn, sodass der Patient keine brauchbare Funktion im täglichen Leben erreicht |
| Anosmie | Keinerlei Geruchssinn |
| Parosmie | Qualitative Riechstörung: Gerüche werden verändert wahrgenommen |
| Phantosmie | Qualitative Riechstörung: Gerüche werden wahrgenommen in Abwesenheit eines Dufts |
| Grund | Ungefähre Häufigkeit (%) |
|---|---|
| Assoziiert mit chronischer Rhinosinusitis | 72 |
| Postinfektiös | 11 |
| Posttraumatisch | 5 |
| Idiopathisch | 6 |
| Neurologisch-degenerativ | n. a. |
| Kongenital | 1 |
| Weiteres, z. B. Toxinexposition | 5 |
n. a. nicht angegeben
