| Literature DB >> 35004406 |
Hae-Kyung Kim, Younghae Kim, Hyun-Mi Son.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence and related characteristics of respiratory medical device-related pressure ulcers (MDRPU) in children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Entities:
Keywords: Intensive care units, pediatrics; Medical device-related pressure ulcer; Pressure ulcer
Year: 2019 PMID: 35004406 PMCID: PMC8650919 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2019.25.2.133
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Child Health Nurs Res ISSN: 2287-9110
Respiratory Medical Device-related Pressure Ulcers Occurrence (N=184)
| Characteristics | Categories | n | % | M±SD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDRPU occurrence | Person | 22 | 11.9 | ||
| Number[ | 24 | ||||
| Stage[ | MDR-S | Stage 1 | 14 | 58.3 | |
| MDR-MM | DTI | 1 | 4.2 | ||
| 9 | 37.5 | ||||
| Size (cm)[ | Length | 1.07±1.49 | |||
| Width | 0.28±0.23 | ||||
| Site[ | ET tube | Lip | 4 | 54.2 | |
| Buccal mucosa | 5 | ||||
| Neck | 4 | ||||
| Total | 13 | ||||
| HFNC | Nares | 8 | 37.5 | ||
| Columella nasi | 1 | ||||
| Total | 9 | ||||
| Oximetry probes | Toes | 1 | 8.3 | ||
| Fingers | 1 | ||||
| Total | 2 |
Included duplicated occurrence;
Characteristics related to number of MDRPU occurrence (n=24);
MDRPU=Medical device-related pressure ulcers; MDR-S=Skin medical device-related pressure ulcers; MDR-MM=Mucous membrane medical device-related pressure ulcers; DTI=Suspected deep tissue injury; ET=Endotracheal; HFNC=High flow nasal cannula.
General and Clinical Characteristics and Differences of Respiratory Medical Device-related Pressure Ulcers Occurrence (N=184)
| Characteristics | Categories | n (%) or M±SD | MDRPU occurrence |
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=22) | No (n=162) | |||||
| n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | |||||
| Age (month) | 16.49±21.52 | 24.73±26.08 | 15.37±20.67 | 1.93 | .055 | |
| Gender | Male | 103 (56.0) | 12 (11.7) | 91 (88.3) | 0.02 | .885 |
| Female | 81 (44.0) | 10 (12.3) | 71 (87.7) | |||
| Duration of PICU stay (day) | 5.66±8.21 | 15.91±12.33 | 4.27±6.38 | 4.35 | <.001 | |
| Use of sedative[ | No | 32 (17.4) | 3 (9.4) | 29 (90.6) | 0.25 | .621 |
| Yes | 152 (82.6) | 19 (12.5) | 133 (87.5) | |||
| Use of muscle relaxants | No | 51 (27.7) | 9 (17.6) | 42 (82.4) | 2.17 | .141 |
| Yes | 133 (72.3) | 13 (9.8) | 120 (90.2) | |||
| Use of inotropic drug | No | 47 (25.5) | 9 (19.1) | 38 (80.9) | 3.10 | .078 |
| Yes | 137 (74.5) | 13 (9.5) | 124 (90.5) | |||
| Braden Q score | Non-risk group | 51 (27.7) | 9 (17.6) | 42 (82.4) | 2.17 | .141 |
| Risk group | 133 (72.3) | 13 (9.8) | 120 (90.2) | |||
Fisher exact test;
MDRPU=Medical device-related Pressure ulcers; PICU=Pediatric intensive care unit.
Differences of Respiratory Medical Device-related Pressure Ulcers Occurrence according to Endotracheal Tube Application (N=153)
| Characteristics | Categories | MDRPU occurrence |
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=12)[ | No (n=141) | ||||
| n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | ||||
| Site of fixation[ | Angle of mouth | 11 (19.6) | 45 (80.4) | 17.02 | <.001 |
| Middle of mouth | 1 (1.0) | 96 (99.0) | |||
| Strength of fixation[ | Strong | 11 (24.4) | 34 (75.6) | 24.31 | <.001 |
| Weakness | 1 (0.9) | 107 (99.1) | |||
| Time of fixation (hour) | 6.66±2.57 | 6.60±2.63 | 0.08 | .936 | |
| Total applying period (day) | 4.53±5.30 | 2.21±4.63 | 1.65 | .102 | |
| Difficulty in relocating[ | Yes | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 11.83 | .078 |
| No | 11 (7.2) | 141 (92.8) | |||
| Type of preventive dressing[ | Hydrocolloid | 10 (6.9) | 135 (93.1) | 3.44 | .121 |
| Hydrocolloid+form | 2 (25.0) | 6 (75.0) | |||
| Use of a bite block[ | Yes | 11 (21.2) | 41 (78.8) | 19.31 | <.001 |
| No | 1 (1.0) | 100 (99.0) | |||
| Use of adhesive tape | Non woven tape | 7 (5.0) | 133 (95.0) | 18.43 | <.001 |
| Cloth tape | 5 (38.5) | 8 (61.5) | |||
| Edema[ | Yes | 2 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 23.81 | .006 |
| No | 10 (6.6) | 141 (93.4) | |||
| Skin dryness | Yes | 4 (3.0) | 130 (97.0) | 35.23 | <.001 |
| No | 8 (42.1) | 11 (57.9) | |||
One subject had two MDRPU duplications;
Fisher exact test;
MDRPU=Medical device-related pressure ulcers.
Difference of Respiratory Medical Device-related Prssure Ulcers Occurrence according to High Flow Nasal Cannula Application (N=100)
| Characteristics | Categories | MDRPU occurrence |
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=9) | No (n=91) | ||||
| n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | ||||
| Site of fixation[ | Chin | 9 (9.2) | 89 (90.8) | 0.20 | .827 |
| Ears | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100.0) | |||
| Fixed to nares[ | Yes | 9 (24.3) | 28 (75.7) | 16.84 | <.001 |
| No | 0 (0.0) | 63 (100.0) | |||
| Fixed to columella nasi[ | Yes | 7 (22.6) | 24 (77.4) | 10.12 | .004 |
| No | 2 (2.9) | 67 (97.1) | |||
| Fixed to nasal septum[ | Yes | 4 (10.8) | 33 (89.2) | 0.23 | .722 |
| No | 5 (7.9) | 58 (92.1) | |||
| Immobility after fixation[ | Yes | 7 (38.9) | 11 (61.1) | 23.94 | <.001 |
| No | 2 (2.4) | 80 (97.6) | |||
| Strength of fixation[ | Strong | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 4.62 | .090 |
| Weakness | 7 (7.4) | 87 (92.6) | |||
| Time of fixation (hour) | 5.44±2.13 | 6.91±3.64 | 1.19 | .239 | |
| Total applying period (day) | 2.55±1.23 | 1.54±2.24 | 1.34 | .183 | |
| Applying preventive dressing[ | Yes | 9 (9.2) | 89 (90.8) | 0.20 | .827 |
| No | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100.0) | |||
| Skin dryness[ | Yes | 5 (6.0) | 79 (94.0) | 5.95 | .034 |
| No | 4 (25.0) | 12 (75.0) | |||
Fisher exact test;
MDRPU=Medical device-related pressure ulcers.
Difference of Respiratory Medical Device-related Prssure Ulcers Occurrence according to Oximetry Application (N=184)
| Characteristics | Categories | MDRPU occurrence |
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=2) | No (n=182) | ||||
| n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | ||||
| Site of fixation | Fingers | 1 (1.5) | 64 (98.5) | 0.44 | .931 |
| Toes | 1 (1.1) | 89 (98.9) | |||
| Hand | 0 (0.0) | 5 (100.0) | |||
| Foot | 0 (0.0) | 24 (100.0) | |||
| Time of fixation (hour) | 6.00±2.82 | 5.04±1.79 | 0.75 | .456 | |
| Total applying period (day) | 20.50±21.92 | 5.04±7.66 | 1.00 | .501 | |
| Applying a preventive dressing[ | Yes | 0 (0.0) | 8 (100.0) | 0.09 | >.999 |
| No | 2 (1.1) | 174 (98.9) | |||
| Edema[ | Yes | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0.01 | >.999 |
| No | 2 (1.1) | 181 (98.9) | |||
| Skin dryness[ | Yes | 2 (1.7) | 177 (98.3) | 0.06 | >.999 |
| No | 0 (0.0) | 5 (100.0) | |||
Fisher exact test;
MDRPU=Medical device-related pressure ulcers.