Armando Peña1,2, Joon Young Kim3, Jessica A Reyes4, Kiley B Vander Wyst5, Stephanie L Ayers6, Micah L Olson1,7, Allison N Williams1, Gabriel Q Shaibi1,2,7. 1. Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. 2. College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. 3. Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA. 4. School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. 5. College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA. 6. Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. 7. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Glucose concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) have been used as biomarkers to differentiate type 2 diabetes risk phenotypes. No studies have examined changes in OGTT-glucose phenotypes following lifestyle intervention among high-risk youth. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in OGTT-glucose phenotypes following lifestyle intervention and to explore differences in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function among post-intervention phenotypes. METHODS: Latino adolescents with obesity (n = 48, age 15.4 ± 1.0, BMI% 98.2 ± 1.4, female 56.3%) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and physical activity. At baseline and 12 weeks, youth completed a 2-h OGTT with glucose and insulin concentrations assessed at 0', 30', 60', 90' and 120'. Glucose concentrations during the OGTT were used to identify biomarkers, 1-h glucose, glucose response curve and time to glucose peak. Using these respective biomarkers, high-risk (1-h glucose ≥ 155 mg/dl, Monophasic, Late Peak) and lower-risk phenotypes (1-h glucose < 155 mg/dl, Biphasic, Early Peak) were categorized. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) and β-cell function by oral disposition index (oDI). RESULTS: Following intervention, the prevalence of Monophasic phenotypes decreased from 81% to 67% (p = 0.048) and 1-h glucose ≥ 155 mg/dl from 38% to 10% (p = 0.054). Although Late Peak phenotypes did not significantly change (from 58% to 29%, p = 0.200), Early Peak phenotypes at post-intervention demonstrated significantly higher WBISI compared to Late Peak (2.3 ± 0.1 vs 1.7 ± 0.2, p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: OGTT-glucose phenotypes improve following lifestyle intervention among high-risk youth. These findings further support their potential utility as clinical biomarkers to identify diabetes risk and risk reduction in youth.
BACKGROUND: Glucose concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) have been used as biomarkers to differentiate type 2 diabetes risk phenotypes. No studies have examined changes in OGTT-glucose phenotypes following lifestyle intervention among high-risk youth. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in OGTT-glucose phenotypes following lifestyle intervention and to explore differences in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function among post-intervention phenotypes. METHODS: Latino adolescents with obesity (n = 48, age 15.4 ± 1.0, BMI% 98.2 ± 1.4, female 56.3%) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and physical activity. At baseline and 12 weeks, youth completed a 2-h OGTT with glucose and insulin concentrations assessed at 0', 30', 60', 90' and 120'. Glucose concentrations during the OGTT were used to identify biomarkers, 1-h glucose, glucose response curve and time to glucose peak. Using these respective biomarkers, high-risk (1-h glucose ≥ 155 mg/dl, Monophasic, Late Peak) and lower-risk phenotypes (1-h glucose < 155 mg/dl, Biphasic, Early Peak) were categorized. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) and β-cell function by oral disposition index (oDI). RESULTS: Following intervention, the prevalence of Monophasic phenotypes decreased from 81% to 67% (p = 0.048) and 1-h glucose ≥ 155 mg/dl from 38% to 10% (p = 0.054). Although Late Peak phenotypes did not significantly change (from 58% to 29%, p = 0.200), Early Peak phenotypes at post-intervention demonstrated significantly higher WBISI compared to Late Peak (2.3 ± 0.1 vs 1.7 ± 0.2, p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: OGTT-glucose phenotypes improve following lifestyle intervention among high-risk youth. These findings further support their potential utility as clinical biomarkers to identify diabetes risk and risk reduction in youth.
Authors: Chinmay S Marathe; Michael Horowitz; Laurence G Trahair; Judith M Wishart; Michelle Bound; Kylie Lange; Christopher K Rayner; Karen L Jones Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2015-07-14 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Christian Anderwald; Amalia Gastaldelli; Andrea Tura; Michael Krebs; Miriam Promintzer-Schifferl; Alexandra Kautzky-Willer; Marietta Stadler; Ralph A DeFronzo; Giovanni Pacini; Martin G Bischof Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2010-12-08 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Silva Arslanian; Laure El Ghormli; Joon Young Kim; Fida Bacha; Christine Chan; Heba M Ismail; Lorraine E Levitt Katz; Lynne Levitsky; Jeanie B Tryggestad; Neil H White Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2018-11-19 Impact factor: 19.112