| Literature DB >> 34188320 |
Mauricio Millán1,2, Carlos A Ordoñez2,3,4, Michael W Parra5, Yaset Caicedo6, Natalia Padilla6, Luis Fernando Pino4,7, Fernando Rodríguez-Holguín3, Alexander Salcedo2,3,4,7, Alberto García2,3,4, José Julián Serna2,3,4,7, Mario Alain Herrera4,7, Laureano Quintero4,8, Fabian Hernández4,8, Carlos Serna4, Adolfo González Hadad4,7,8.
Abstract
Penetrating torso trauma is the second leading cause of death following head injury. Traffic accidents, falls and overall blunt trauma are the most common mechanism of injuries in developed countries; whereas, penetrating trauma which includes gunshot and stabs wounds is more prevalent in developing countries due to ongoing violence and social unrest. Penetrating chest and abdominal trauma have high mortality rates at the scene of the incident when important structures such as the heart, great vessels, or liver are involved. Current controversies surround the optimal surgical approach of these cases including the use of an endovascular device such as the Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) and the timing of additional imaging aids. This article aims to shed light on this subject based on the experience earned during the past 30 years in trauma critical care management of the severely injured patient. We have found that prioritizing the fact that the patient is hemodynamically unstable and obtaining early open or endovascular occlusion of the aorta to gain ground on avoiding the development of the lethal diamond is of utmost importance. Damage control surgery starts with choosing the right surgery of the right cavity in the right patient. For this purpose, we present a practical and simple guide on how to perform the surgical approach to penetrating torso trauma in a hemodynamically unstable patient.Entities:
Keywords: Damage control surgery; REBOA; aortic occlusion; hemodynamically unstable non-compressible penetrating torso trauma; median sternotomy
Year: 2021 PMID: 34188320 PMCID: PMC8216055 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v52i2.4592
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Figure 1Blood flow redistribution following REBOA placement in Zone 1
Figure 2A. Median Sternotomy with Supra-clavicular Right or Left Extension; 2B. Median Sternotomy with Cervical Right or Left Extension
Figure 3Antero-lateral Thoracotomy plus Clamshell
Figure 4Exploratory Laparotomy
Figure 55A. Complex Penetrating Liver Injury AAST Grade III-V; 5B. Combined Open and Endovascular Liver Isolation with Pringle Maneuver, REBOA (resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta) and REBOVC (Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava)
Figure 6Cross-Clamping of the Descending Thoracic Aorta
Figura 1Redistribución sanguínea luego de la colocación de REBOA en Zona 1
Figura 22A.Esternotomía mediana con extensión supraclavicular o cervicotomía longitudinal derecha para manejo de lesiones torácicas centrales; 2B. Esternotomía mediana con extensión supraclavicular o cervicotomía longitudinal izquierda para manejo de lesiones torácicas centrales.
Figura 3Toracotomía anterolateral izquierda con incisión en Clamshell
Figura 4Laparotomía exploratoria para lesiones abdominales
Figura 55A.Lesiones hepaticas complejas grado III-V de la AAST; 5B. Aislamiento hepático combinado endovascular y abierto con maniobra de Pringle, REBOA (Oclusión con balón endovascular de reanimación de la aorta) y REBOVC (Oclusión con balón de reanimación de la vena cava inferior)
Figura 6Clampeo externo de la aorta torácica descendente
| 1) Why was this study conducted? |
| Current controversies surround the optimal surgical approach of penetrating and blunt trauma cases are topic of discussion including the use of an endovascular device such as the Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) and the timing of additional imaging aids |
| 2) What were the most relevant results of the study? |
| We have found that prioritizing the fact that the patient is hemodynamically unstable and obtaining early open or endovascular occlusion of the aorta to gain ground on avoiding the development of the lethal diamond is of utmost importance. Damage control surgery starts with choosing the right surgery of the right cavity in the right patient . |
| 3) What do these results contribute? |
| We present a practical and simple guide on how to perform the surgical approach to penetrating torso trauma in a hemodynamically unstable patient. |
| 1) ¿Por qué se realizó este estudio? |
| Actualmente, existen controversias sobre el adecuado abordaje quirúrgico de casos de trauma penetrante y cerrado con la implementación o no de dispositivos endovasculares como el balón de resucitación endovascular de oclusión aórtica (Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Oclussion of the Aorta - REBOA) y la realización de ayudas imagenológicas. |
| 2) ¿Cuáles fueron los resultados más relevantes del estudio? |
| La priorización de la oclusión temprana endovascular o abierta de la aorta para evitar la descompensación metabólica que conduce al rombo de la muerte debe ser la prioridad. La cirugía de control de daños inicia con la selección de la cirugía correcta, sobre el área correcta y el paciente correcto. |
| 3¿Qué aportan estos resultados? |
| Se presenta una guía práctica y sencilla sobre el abordaje quirúrgico del paciente hemodinámicamente inestable con trauma penetrante del torso. |