Jonathon A Nye1, Marina Piccinelli1, Doyeon Hwang2, Charles David Cooke1, Jin Chul Paeng3, Joo Myung Lee4, Sang-Geon Cho5, Russell Folks1, Hee-Seung Bom5, Bon-Kwon Koo2, Ernest V Garcia1. 1. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 2. Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 3. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 4. Samsung Medical Center, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Seoul, Korea. 5. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
Abstract
This work expands on the implementation of three-dimensional (3D) normalized gradient fields to correct for whole-body motion and cardiac creep in [N-13]-ammonia patient studies and evaluates its accuracy using a dynamic phantom simulation model. METHODS: A full rigid-body algorithm was developed using 3D normalized gradient fields including a multi-resolution step and sampling off the voxel grid to reduce interpolation artifacts. Optimization was performed using a weighted similarity metric that accounts for opposing gradients between images of blood pool and perfused tissue without the need for segmentation. Forty-three retrospective dynamic [N-13]-ammonia PET/CT rest/adenosine-stress patient studies were motion corrected and the mean motion parameters plotted at each frame time point. Motion correction accuracy was assessed using a comprehensive dynamic XCAT simulation incorporating published physiologic parameters of the heart's trajectory following adenosine infusion as well as corrupted attenuation correction commonly observed in clinical studies. Accuracy of the algorithm was assessed objectively by comparing the errors between isosurfaces and centers of mass of the motion corrected XCAT simulations. RESULTS: In the patient studies, the overall mean cranial-to-caudal translation was 7 mm at stress over the duration of the adenosine infusion. Noninvasive clinical measures of relative flow reserve and myocardial flow reserve were highly correlated with their invasive analogues. Motion correction accuracy assessed with the XCAT simulations showed an error of <1 mm in late perfusion frames that broadened gradually to <3 mm in earlier frames containing blood pool. CONCLUSION: This work demonstrates that patients undergoing [N-13]-ammonia dynamic PET/CT exhibit a large cranial-to-caudal translation related to cardiac creep primarily at stress and to a lesser extent at rest, which can be accurately corrected by optimizing their 3D normalized gradient fields. Our approach provides a solution to the challenging condition where the image intensity and its gradients are opposed without the need for segmentation and remains robust in the presence of PET-CT mismatch.
This work expands on the implementation of three-dimensional (3D) normalized gradient fields to correct for whole-body motion and cardiac creep in [N-13]-ammonia patient studies and evaluates its accuracy using a dynamic phantom simulation model. METHODS: A full rigid-body algorithm was developed using 3D normalized gradient fields including a multi-resolution step and sampling off the voxel grid to reduce interpolation artifacts. Optimization was performed using a weighted similarity metric that accounts for opposing gradients between images of blood pool and perfused tissue without the need for segmentation. Forty-three retrospective dynamic [N-13]-ammonia PET/CT rest/adenosine-stress patient studies were motion corrected and the mean motion parameters plotted at each frame time point. Motion correction accuracy was assessed using a comprehensive dynamic XCAT simulation incorporating published physiologic parameters of the heart's trajectory following adenosine infusion as well as corrupted attenuation correction commonly observed in clinical studies. Accuracy of the algorithm was assessed objectively by comparing the errors between isosurfaces and centers of mass of the motion corrected XCAT simulations. RESULTS: In the patient studies, the overall mean cranial-to-caudal translation was 7 mm at stress over the duration of the adenosine infusion. Noninvasive clinical measures of relative flow reserve and myocardial flow reserve were highly correlated with their invasive analogues. Motion correction accuracy assessed with the XCAT simulations showed an error of <1 mm in late perfusion frames that broadened gradually to <3 mm in earlier frames containing blood pool. CONCLUSION: This work demonstrates that patients undergoing [N-13]-ammonia dynamic PET/CT exhibit a large cranial-to-caudal translation related to cardiac creep primarily at stress and to a lesser extent at rest, which can be accurately corrected by optimizing their 3D normalized gradient fields. Our approach provides a solution to the challenging condition where the image intensity and its gradients are opposed without the need for segmentation and remains robust in the presence of PET-CT mismatch.
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Authors: R Parkash; R A deKemp; T D Ruddy; A Kitsikis; R Hart; L Beauchesne; L Beauschene; Kathryn Williams; R A Davies; M Labinaz; R S B Beanlands Journal: J Nucl Cardiol Date: 2004 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 5.952
Authors: Marina Piccinelli; Navdeep Dahiya; Jonathon A Nye; Russell Folks; C David Cooke; Daya Manatunga; Doyeon Hwang; Jin Chul Paeng; Sang-Geon Cho; Joo Myung Lee; Hee-Seung Bom; Bon-Kwon Koo; Anthony Yezzi; Ernest V Garcia Journal: Eur J Hybrid Imaging Date: 2022-02-15