Julie D Flom1, Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu2, Whitney Cowell2, Srimathi Kannan3, Harish B Ganguri4, Brent A Coull5, Rosalind J Wright6, Kecia Carroll7. 1. Division of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Electronic address: Julie.flom@yale.edu. 2. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. 3. Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 4. Department of Information Systems Security, University of Cumberlands, Williamsburg, Kentucky. 5. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts. 6. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating effects of prenatal polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake on childhood asthma reveal mixed results. Inconsistencies may result from not accounting for important modifying factors such as maternal asthma or child sex. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether associations between prenatal PUFA intake and childhood asthma are modified by prenatal active maternal asthma or child sex in 412 mother-child dyads. METHODS: Energy-adjusted prenatal dietary and supplement intakes of omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs were estimated using the Block98 Food Frequency Questionnaire, administered during pregnancy. Mothers reported asthma in children followed prospectively to 4.0 plus or minus 1.7 years. Generalized additive models with smooth terms for PUFA (n-3, n-6, n-6/n-3 ratio) effects were used to investigate associations between PUFAs and child asthma, without prespecifying the form of these relationships, including effect modification by active maternal asthma or child sex. RESULTS: Among mothers (40% Black, 31% Hispanic), 22% had active asthma in pregnancy; 17.5% of children developed asthma. Lower maternal n-3 PUFA intake was significantly associated with risk of childhood asthma (P = .03), in particular among children of mothers with active asthma and low n-3 PUFA intake (P = .01). This inverse association was more apparent in girls (P = .01) compared with boys (P = .30), regardless of maternal asthma status. For n-6 PUFA and the n-6/n-3 ratio, there was a lower risk of childhood asthma in the midrange of intake and increased risk at higher intake (n-6 PUFA P = .10, n-6/n-3 ratio P = .13). CONCLUSION: Consideration of factors that modify effects of prenatal PUFA intake on childhood asthma has implications for designing intervention strategies tailored to impact those at greatest risk.
BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating effects of prenatal polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake on childhood asthma reveal mixed results. Inconsistencies may result from not accounting for important modifying factors such as maternal asthma or child sex. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether associations between prenatal PUFA intake and childhood asthma are modified by prenatal active maternal asthma or child sex in 412 mother-child dyads. METHODS: Energy-adjusted prenatal dietary and supplement intakes of omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs were estimated using the Block98 Food Frequency Questionnaire, administered during pregnancy. Mothers reported asthma in children followed prospectively to 4.0 plus or minus 1.7 years. Generalized additive models with smooth terms for PUFA (n-3, n-6, n-6/n-3 ratio) effects were used to investigate associations between PUFAs and child asthma, without prespecifying the form of these relationships, including effect modification by active maternal asthma or child sex. RESULTS: Among mothers (40% Black, 31% Hispanic), 22% had active asthma in pregnancy; 17.5% of children developed asthma. Lower maternal n-3 PUFA intake was significantly associated with risk of childhood asthma (P = .03), in particular among children of mothers with active asthma and low n-3 PUFA intake (P = .01). This inverse association was more apparent in girls (P = .01) compared with boys (P = .30), regardless of maternal asthma status. For n-6 PUFA and the n-6/n-3 ratio, there was a lower risk of childhood asthma in the midrange of intake and increased risk at higher intake (n-6 PUFA P = .10, n-6/n-3 ratio P = .13). CONCLUSION: Consideration of factors that modify effects of prenatal PUFA intake on childhood asthma has implications for designing intervention strategies tailored to impact those at greatest risk.
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Authors: Maria José Rosa; Terryl J Hartman; Margaret Adgent; Kourtney Gardner; Tebeb Gebretsadik; Paul E Moore; Robert L Davis; Kaja Z LeWinn; Nicole R Bush; Frances Tylavsky; Rosalind J Wright; Kecia N Carroll Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Date: 2019-12-03 Impact factor: 10.793
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