Nicolas Terzi1,2, Fabrice Rastello3, Christophe Déhan4, Marion Roux2, Florian Sigaud2, Guillaume Rigault2, Cyril Fromentin5, Adrien Farrugia6, Claude Guérin7,8,9. 1. University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1042, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France. 2. Medecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France. 3. University Grenoble Alpes, INRIA, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LIG, 38000 Grenoble, France. 4. MinMaxMedical SAS, 75 v Gabriel Peri, 38400 Saint Martin d'Hères, France. 5. FineHeart SAS, Cœur Bersol 28 Avenue Gustave Eiffel, Batiment C, 33600 Pessac, France. 6. SteadXP SAS, 38000 Grenoble, France. 7. Medecine Intensive-Réanimation, Groupement Hospitalier Centre, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69366 Lyon, France. 8. Université de Lyon, 69366 Lyon, France. 9. Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicales, Inserm 955 CNRS ERL 7000, 94010 Créteil, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To address the issue of ventilator shortages, our group (eSpiro Network) developed a freely replicable, open-source hardware ventilator. DESIGN: We performed a bench study. SETTING: Dedicated research room as part of an ICU affiliated to a university hospital. SUBJECTS: We set the lung model with three conditions of resistance and linear compliance for mimicking different respiratory mechanics of representative intensive care unit (ICU) patients. INTERVENTIONS: The performance of the device was tested using the ASL5000 lung model. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-seven conditions were tested. All the measurements fell within the ±10% limits for the tidal volume (VT). The volume error was influenced by the mechanical condition (p = 5.9 × 10-15) and the PEEP level (P = 1.1 × 10-12) but the clinical significance of this finding is likely meaningless (maximum -34 mL in the error). The PEEP error was not influenced by the mechanical condition (p = 0.25). Our experimental results demonstrate that the eSpiro ventilator is reliable to deliver VT and PEEP accurately in various respiratory mechanics conditions. CONCLUSIONS: We report a low-cost, easy-to-build ventilator, which is reliable to deliver VT and PEEP in passive invasive mechanical ventilation.
OBJECTIVE: To address the issue of ventilator shortages, our group (eSpiro Network) developed a freely replicable, open-source hardware ventilator. DESIGN: We performed a bench study. SETTING: Dedicated research room as part of an ICU affiliated to a university hospital. SUBJECTS: We set the lung model with three conditions of resistance and linear compliance for mimicking different respiratory mechanics of representative intensive care unit (ICU) patients. INTERVENTIONS: The performance of the device was tested using the ASL5000 lung model. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-seven conditions were tested. All the measurements fell within the ±10% limits for the tidal volume (VT). The volume error was influenced by the mechanical condition (p = 5.9 × 10-15) and the PEEP level (P = 1.1 × 10-12) but the clinical significance of this finding is likely meaningless (maximum -34 mL in the error). The PEEP error was not influenced by the mechanical condition (p = 0.25). Our experimental results demonstrate that the eSpiro ventilator is reliable to deliver VT and PEEP accurately in various respiratory mechanics conditions. CONCLUSIONS: We report a low-cost, easy-to-build ventilator, which is reliable to deliver VT and PEEP in passive invasive mechanical ventilation.
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