Edwin van Wijngaarden1, David Q Rich2, Wangjian Zhang3, Sally W Thurston4, Shao Lin3, Daniel P Croft5, Stefania Squizzato6, Mauro Masiol7, Philip K Hopke8. 1. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. Electronic address: Edwin_van_Wijngaarden@urmc.rochester.edu. 2. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. 3. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany. 4. Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. 5. Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. 6. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. 7. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Venice, Italy. 8. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Long-term exposure to ambient fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations has been associated with an increased rate or risk of neurodegenerative conditions, but individual PM sources have not been previously examined in relation to neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS: Using the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database, we studied 63,287 hospital admissions with a primary diagnosis of either Alzheimer's disease, dementia, or Parkinson's disease for New York State residents living within 15 miles from six PM2.5 monitoring sites. In addition to PM2.5 concentrations, we studied seven specific PM2.5 sources: secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, biomass burning, diesel, spark-ignition emissions, pyrolyzed organic rich, and road dust. We estimated the rate of neurodegenerative hospital admissions associated with increased concentration of PM2.5 and individual PM2.5 sources average concentrations in the previous 0-29, 0-179, and 0-364 days. RESULTS: Increases in ambient PM2.5 concentrations were not consistently associated with increased hospital admissions rates. Increased source-specific PM2.5 concentrations were associated with both increased (e.g., secondary sulfates and diesel emissions) and decreased rates (e.g., secondary nitrate and spark-ignition vehicular emissions) of neurodegenerative admissions. CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe clear associations between overall ambient PM2.5 concentrations or source-apportioned ambient PM2.5 contributions and rates of neurologic disease hospitalizations.
PURPOSE: Long-term exposure to ambient fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations has been associated with an increased rate or risk of neurodegenerative conditions, but individual PM sources have not been previously examined in relation to neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS: Using the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database, we studied 63,287 hospital admissions with a primary diagnosis of either Alzheimer's disease, dementia, or Parkinson's disease for New York State residents living within 15 miles from six PM2.5 monitoring sites. In addition to PM2.5 concentrations, we studied seven specific PM2.5 sources: secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, biomass burning, diesel, spark-ignition emissions, pyrolyzed organic rich, and road dust. We estimated the rate of neurodegenerative hospital admissions associated with increased concentration of PM2.5 and individual PM2.5 sources average concentrations in the previous 0-29, 0-179, and 0-364 days. RESULTS: Increases in ambient PM2.5 concentrations were not consistently associated with increased hospital admissions rates. Increased source-specific PM2.5 concentrations were associated with both increased (e.g., secondary sulfates and diesel emissions) and decreased rates (e.g., secondary nitrate and spark-ignition vehicular emissions) of neurodegenerative admissions. CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe clear associations between overall ambient PM2.5 concentrations or source-apportioned ambient PM2.5 contributions and rates of neurologic disease hospitalizations.
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