Josie Acuña1, Uwe Stolz2, Lori A Stolz2, Elaine H Situ-LaCasse1, Gregory Bell3, Ross P Berkeley4, Jeremy S Boyd5, David Castle6, Kristin Carmody7, Tiffany Fong8, Ekjot Grewal9, Robert Jones10, SueLin Hilberts11, Carolyn Kanter12, Kenneth Kelley13, Stephen J Leetch14, Philip Pazderka15, Erica Shaver16, Jeffrey R Stowell17, Elaine B Josephson18, Daniel Theodoro11, Srikar Adhikari1. 1. Department of Emergency Medicine The University of Arizona Tucson AZ. 2. Department of Emergency Medicine The University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City IA. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine University of Nevada Las Vegas School of Medicine Las Vegas NV. 5. Department of Emergency Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN. 6. Department of Emergency Medicine Sparrow Hospital Lansing MI. 7. Department of Emergency Medicine New York University School of Medicine New York NY. 8. Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD. 9. Department of Emergency Medicine Mount Sinai St. Luke's Mount Sinai West Hospitals New York NY. 10. Department of Emergency Medicine MetroHealth Medical Center Cleveland OH. 11. Department of Emergency Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO. 12. Department of Emergency Medicine Temple University Hospital Philadelphia PA. 13. Department of Emergency Medicine University of California Davis Sacramento CA. 14. Department of Emergency Medicine Orlando Health Orlando FL. 15. Department of Emergency Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine Kalamazoo MI. 16. Department of Emergency Medicine West Virginia State University Morgantown WV. 17. Department of Emergency Medicine Maricopa Integrated Health System Phoenix AZ. 18. Department of Emergency Medicine Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center Bronx NY.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Prior literature has demonstrated incongruities among faculty evaluation of male and female residents' procedural competency during residency training. There are no known studies investigating gender differences in the assessment of procedural skills among emergency medicine (EM) residents, such as those required by ultrasound. The objective of this study was to determine if there are significant gender differences in ultrasound milestone evaluations during EM residency training. METHODS: We used a stratified, random cluster sample of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) EM residency programs to conduct a longitudinal, retrospective cohort analysis of resident ultrasound milestone evaluation data. Milestone evaluation data were collected from a total of 16 ACGME-accredited EM residency programs representing a 4-year period. We stratified milestone data by resident gender, date of evaluation, resident postgraduate year, and cohort (residents with the same starting date). RESULTS: A total of 2,554 ultrasound milestone evaluations were collected from 1,187 EM residents (750 men [62.8%] and 444 women [37.1%]) by 104 faculty members during the study period. There was no significant overall difference in mean milestone score between female and male residents [mean difference = 0.01 (95% confidence interval {CI} = -0.04 to 0.05)]. There were no significant differences between female and male residents' mean milestone scores at the first (baseline) PGY1 evaluation (mean difference = -0.04 [95% CI = -0.09 to 0.003)] or at the final evaluation during PGY3 (mean difference = 0.02 [95% CI = -0.03 to 0.06)]. CONCLUSIONS: Despite prior studies suggesting gender bias in the evaluation of procedural competency during residency training, our study indicates that there were no significant gender-related differences in the ultrasound milestone evaluations among EM residents within training programs throughout the United States.
OBJECTIVES: Prior literature has demonstrated incongruities among faculty evaluation of male and female residents' procedural competency during residency training. There are no known studies investigating gender differences in the assessment of procedural skills among emergency medicine (EM) residents, such as those required by ultrasound. The objective of this study was to determine if there are significant gender differences in ultrasound milestone evaluations during EM residency training. METHODS: We used a stratified, random cluster sample of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) EM residency programs to conduct a longitudinal, retrospective cohort analysis of resident ultrasound milestone evaluation data. Milestone evaluation data were collected from a total of 16 ACGME-accredited EM residency programs representing a 4-year period. We stratified milestone data by resident gender, date of evaluation, resident postgraduate year, and cohort (residents with the same starting date). RESULTS: A total of 2,554 ultrasound milestone evaluations were collected from 1,187 EM residents (750 men [62.8%] and 444 women [37.1%]) by 104 faculty members during the study period. There was no significant overall difference in mean milestone score between female and male residents [mean difference = 0.01 (95% confidence interval {CI} = -0.04 to 0.05)]. There were no significant differences between female and male residents' mean milestone scores at the first (baseline) PGY1 evaluation (mean difference = -0.04 [95% CI = -0.09 to 0.003)] or at the final evaluation during PGY3 (mean difference = 0.02 [95% CI = -0.03 to 0.06)]. CONCLUSIONS: Despite prior studies suggesting gender bias in the evaluation of procedural competency during residency training, our study indicates that there were no significant gender-related differences in the ultrasound milestone evaluations among EM residents within training programs throughout the United States.
Authors: Tracy E Madsen; Judith A Linden; Kirsten Rounds; Yu-Hsiang Hsieh; Bernard L Lopez; Dowin Boatright; Nidhi Garg; Sheryl L Heron; Amy Jameson; Dara Kass; Michelle D Lall; Ashley M Melendez; James J Scheulen; Kinjal N Sethuraman; Lauren M Westafer; Basmah Safdar Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2017-09-21 Impact factor: 3.451
Authors: Michael S Beeson; Wallace A Carter; Theodore A Christopher; Jonathan W Heidt; James H Jones; Lynne E Meyer; Susan B Promes; Kevin G Rodgers; Philip H Shayne; Susan R Swing; Mary Jo Wagner Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2013-06-19 Impact factor: 3.451
Authors: Lori A Stolz; Uwe Stolz; J Matthew Fields; Turandot Saul; Michael Secko; Matthew J Flannigan; Johnathan M Sheele; Robert P Rifenburg; Anthony J Weekes; Elaine B Josephson; John Bedolla; Dana M Resop; Jonathan Dela Cruz; Megan Boysen-Osborn; Terrell Caffery; Charlotte Derr; Rimon Bengiamin; Gerardo Chiricolo; Brandon Backlund; Jagdipak Heer; Robert J Hyde; Srikar Adhikari Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2017-02-18 Impact factor: 3.451
Authors: Josie Acuña; Elaine H Situ-LaCasse; Asad E Patanwala; Lori A Stolz; Richard Amini; Lucas Friedman; Srikar Adhikari Journal: Adv Med Educ Pract Date: 2019-03-27