Tracy E Madsen1, Judith A Linden2, Kirsten Rounds1, Yu-Hsiang Hsieh3, Bernard L Lopez4, Dowin Boatright5, Nidhi Garg6, Sheryl L Heron7, Amy Jameson8, Dara Kass9, Michelle D Lall7, Ashley M Melendez10, James J Scheulen3, Kinjal N Sethuraman11, Lauren M Westafer12, Basmah Safdar5. 1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. 2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA. 5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT. 6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Hofstra University School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY. 7. Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. 8. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 9. Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY. 10. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. 11. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. 12. Department of Emergency Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A 2010 survey identified disparities in salaries by gender and underrepresented minorities (URM). With an increase in the emergency medicine (EM) workforce since, we aimed to 1) describe the current status of academic EM workforce by gender, race, and rank and 2) evaluate if disparities still exist in salary or rank by gender. METHODS: Information on demographics, rank, clinical commitment, and base and total annual salary for full-time faculty members in U.S. academic emergency departments were collected in 2015 via the Academy of Administrators in Academic Emergency Medicine (AAAEM) Salary Survey. Multiple linear regression was used to compare salary by gender while controlling for confounders. RESULTS: Response rate was 47% (47/101), yielding data on 1,371 full-time faculty: 33% women, 78% white, 4% black, 5% Asian, 3% Asian Indian, 4% other, and 7% unknown race. Comparing white race to nonwhite, 62% versus 69% were instructor/assistant, 23% versus 20% were associate, and 15% versus 10% were full professors. Comparing women to men, 74% versus 59% were instructor/assistant, 19% versus 24% were associate, and 7% versus 17% were full professors. Of 113 chair/vice-chair positions, only 15% were women, and 18% were nonwhite. Women were more often fellowship trained (37% vs. 31%), less often core faculty (59% vs. 64%), with fewer administrative roles (47% vs. 57%; all p < 0.05) but worked similar clinical hours (mean ± SD = 1,069 ± 371 hours vs. 1,051 ± 393 hours). Mean overall salary was $278,631 (SD ± $68,003). The mean (±SD) salary of women was $19,418 (±$3,736) less than men (p < 0.001), even after adjusting for race, region, rank, years of experience, clinical hours, core faculty status, administrative roles, board certification, and fellowship training. CONCLUSIONS: In 2015, disparities in salary and rank persist among full-time U.S. academic EM faculty. There were gender and URM disparities in rank and leadership positions. Women earned less than men regardless of rank, clinical hours, or training. Future efforts should focus on evaluating salary data by race and developing systemwide practices to eliminate disparities.
OBJECTIVE: A 2010 survey identified disparities in salaries by gender and underrepresented minorities (URM). With an increase in the emergency medicine (EM) workforce since, we aimed to 1) describe the current status of academic EM workforce by gender, race, and rank and 2) evaluate if disparities still exist in salary or rank by gender. METHODS: Information on demographics, rank, clinical commitment, and base and total annual salary for full-time faculty members in U.S. academic emergency departments were collected in 2015 via the Academy of Administrators in Academic Emergency Medicine (AAAEM) Salary Survey. Multiple linear regression was used to compare salary by gender while controlling for confounders. RESULTS: Response rate was 47% (47/101), yielding data on 1,371 full-time faculty: 33% women, 78% white, 4% black, 5% Asian, 3% Asian Indian, 4% other, and 7% unknown race. Comparing white race to nonwhite, 62% versus 69% were instructor/assistant, 23% versus 20% were associate, and 15% versus 10% were full professors. Comparing women to men, 74% versus 59% were instructor/assistant, 19% versus 24% were associate, and 7% versus 17% were full professors. Of 113 chair/vice-chair positions, only 15% were women, and 18% were nonwhite. Women were more often fellowship trained (37% vs. 31%), less often core faculty (59% vs. 64%), with fewer administrative roles (47% vs. 57%; all p < 0.05) but worked similar clinical hours (mean ± SD = 1,069 ± 371 hours vs. 1,051 ± 393 hours). Mean overall salary was $278,631 (SD ± $68,003). The mean (±SD) salary of women was $19,418 (±$3,736) less than men (p < 0.001), even after adjusting for race, region, rank, years of experience, clinical hours, core faculty status, administrative roles, board certification, and fellowship training. CONCLUSIONS: In 2015, disparities in salary and rank persist among full-time U.S. academic EM faculty. There were gender and URM disparities in rank and leadership positions. Women earned less than men regardless of rank, clinical hours, or training. Future efforts should focus on evaluating salary data by race and developing systemwide practices to eliminate disparities.
Authors: Kelsey Gray; Angela Neville; Amy H Kaji; Mary Wolfe; Kristine Calhoun; Farin Amersi; Timothy Donahue; Tracy Arnell; Benjamin Jarman; Kenji Inaba; Marc Melcher; Jon B Morris; Brian Smith; Mark Reeves; Jeffrey Gauvin; Edgardo S Salcedo; Richard Sidwell; Kenric Murayama; Richard Damewood; V Prasad Poola; Daniel Dent; Christian de Virgilio Journal: JAMA Surg Date: 2019-11-01 Impact factor: 14.766
Authors: Nicole M Dubosh; Katherine L Boyle; Stephanie Carreiro; Tuyen Yankama; Alden M Landry Journal: Am J Emerg Med Date: 2019-11-18 Impact factor: 2.469
Authors: Lindsay E Kuo; Heather G Lyu; Molly P Jarman; Nelya Melnitchouk; Gerard M Doherty; Douglas S Smink; Nancy L Cho Journal: JAMA Surg Date: 2020-09-02 Impact factor: 14.766
Authors: Dimitrios Papanagnou; Anne M Messman; Jeremy Branzetti; Gretchen Diemer; Cherri Hobgood; Laura R Hopson; Linda Regan; Xiao C Zhang; Michael A Gisondi Journal: AEM Educ Train Date: 2019-12-10
Authors: Ava E Pierce; Lisa Moreno-Walton; Dowin Boatright; Joel L Moll; Marquita N Hicks; Jeffrey Druck; Bernard L Lopez; Evrim Oral; Sheryl L Heron Journal: AEM Educ Train Date: 2019-12-31
Authors: Josie Acuña; Uwe Stolz; Lori A Stolz; Elaine H Situ-LaCasse; Gregory Bell; Ross P Berkeley; Jeremy S Boyd; David Castle; Kristin Carmody; Tiffany Fong; Ekjot Grewal; Robert Jones; SueLin Hilberts; Carolyn Kanter; Kenneth Kelley; Stephen J Leetch; Philip Pazderka; Erica Shaver; Jeffrey R Stowell; Elaine B Josephson; Daniel Theodoro; Srikar Adhikari Journal: AEM Educ Train Date: 2019-10-24