Yang Cui1,2, Evelyn L Forget3,4, Mahmoud Torabi3, Umut Oguzoglu4, Arto Ohinmaa5, Yunfa Zhu6. 1. Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. umcui@myumanitoba.ca. 2. George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. umcui@myumanitoba.ca. 3. Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 4. Department of Economics, Faculty of Arts, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 5. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 6. Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine whether the smoking status of the Canadian population is associated with a reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL); (2) calculate the overall economic burden of loss in HRQoL using a commonly accepted $100,000 willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold to gain one quality-adjusted life year (QALY); and (3) calculate the loss of HRQoL over a lifetime. METHODS: We used the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey. The variations in HRQoL were estimated using a multivariable generalized linear model. Total expected lifetime QALYs lost due to smoking were calculated by compounding the annual adjusted health utility loss associated with smoking across a respondent's remaining years of life expectancy stratified by age. A discount rate of 1.5% was applied to the analysis based on recent analysis of the costs of borrowing in Canada. RESULTS: Smoking is significantly associated with HRQoL loss. This study demonstrated that smoking is associated with a 0.05 and 0.01 reduction in Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) score for current and former smokers, which also corresponds to a loss of 0.66 quality-adjusted life years in average, and also is associated with substantial individual and societal economic cost. The total lifetime economic burden of HUI3 loss per smoker was $65,935, yielding in the aggregate a societal burden of $1068.88 billion in the study population. CONCLUSION: Tobacco control, prevention and intervention not only will improve HRQoL but also will generate social returns on investment.
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine whether the smoking status of the Canadian population is associated with a reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL); (2) calculate the overall economic burden of loss in HRQoL using a commonly accepted $100,000 willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold to gain one quality-adjusted life year (QALY); and (3) calculate the loss of HRQoL over a lifetime. METHODS: We used the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey. The variations in HRQoL were estimated using a multivariable generalized linear model. Total expected lifetime QALYs lost due to smoking were calculated by compounding the annual adjusted health utility loss associated with smoking across a respondent's remaining years of life expectancy stratified by age. A discount rate of 1.5% was applied to the analysis based on recent analysis of the costs of borrowing in Canada. RESULTS: Smoking is significantly associated with HRQoL loss. This study demonstrated that smoking is associated with a 0.05 and 0.01 reduction in Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) score for current and former smokers, which also corresponds to a loss of 0.66 quality-adjusted life years in average, and also is associated with substantial individual and societal economic cost. The total lifetime economic burden of HUI3 loss per smoker was $65,935, yielding in the aggregate a societal burden of $1068.88 billion in the study population. CONCLUSION:Tobacco control, prevention and intervention not only will improve HRQoL but also will generate social returns on investment.
Entities:
Keywords:
Economic burden; Health-related quality of life; Smoking
Authors: David Feeny; William Furlong; George W Torrance; Charles H Goldsmith; Zenglong Zhu; Sonja DePauw; Margaret Denton; Michael Boyle Journal: Med Care Date: 2002-02 Impact factor: 2.983
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