A deductive method of haplotype analysis in pedigrees.

Derivation of haplotypes from pedigree data by means of likelihood techniques requires large computational resources and is thus highly limited in terms of the complexity of problems that can be analyzed. The present paper presents 20 rules of logic that are both necessary and sufficient for deriving haplotypes by means of nonstatistical techniques. As a result, automated haplotype analysis that uses these rules is fast and efficient, requiring computer memory that increases only linearly (rather than exponentially) with family size and the number of factors under analysis. Some error analysis is also possible. The rules are completely general with regard to any system of completely linked, discrete genetic markers that are autosomally inherited. There are no limitations on pedigree structure or the amount of missing data, although the existence of incomplete data usually reduces the fraction of haplotypes that can be completely determined.