Carrie Hanley1, Kelly J Shields2, Karen A Matthews3, Maria M Brooks1, Imke Janssen4, Matthew J Budoff5, Akira Sekikawa1, Suresh Mulukutla6, Samar R El Khoudary7. 1. University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. 2. Lupus Center of Excellence, Autoimmunity Institute, Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, 320 E. North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA. 3. University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. 4. Rush University Medical Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, 1700 W. Van Buren Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. 5. Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA. 6. University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. 7. University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. Electronic address: elkhoudarys@edc.pitt.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fat radiodensity, measured via CT Hounsfield units (HU), is a potential marker of fat quality. We sought to determine the cross-sectional associations of total heart fat (TAT) and aortic perivascular fat (PVAT) radiodensity with cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and aortic calcification (AC) in midlife women. METHODS: Fat radiodensity, CAC, and AC were quantified using CT scans. A total of 528 women (mean age: 50.9 ± 2.9 years; 37% Black) were included in analyses. RESULTS: Women in the lowest TAT radiodensity tertile were more likely to have adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Independent of cardiovascular risk factors, women in the middle and high TAT radiodensity tertiles were less likely to have CAC (OR (95% CI): 0.32 (0.18, 0.59); 0.43 (0.24, 0.78), respectively) compared with women in the lowest TAT radiodensity tertile. Although adjusting for BMI attenuated the overall association, women in the middle TAT radiodensity tertile remained at significantly lower odds of CAC when compared to the low radiodensity tertile, 0.47 (0.24, 0.93), p=0.03. No significant associations were found for PVAT radiodensity and calcification measures in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Lower TAT radiodensity was associated with a less favorable cardiometabolic profile. Women with mid-range TAT radiodensity values had a lower odds of CAC presence, independent of CVD risk factors and BMI. More research is necessary to understand radiodensity as a surrogate marker of fat quality in midlife women.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fat radiodensity, measured via CT Hounsfield units (HU), is a potential marker of fat quality. We sought to determine the cross-sectional associations of total heart fat (TAT) and aortic perivascular fat (PVAT) radiodensity with cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and aortic calcification (AC) in midlife women. METHODS: Fat radiodensity, CAC, and AC were quantified using CT scans. A total of 528 women (mean age: 50.9 ± 2.9 years; 37% Black) were included in analyses. RESULTS:Women in the lowest TAT radiodensity tertile were more likely to have adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Independent of cardiovascular risk factors, women in the middle and high TAT radiodensity tertiles were less likely to have CAC (OR (95% CI): 0.32 (0.18, 0.59); 0.43 (0.24, 0.78), respectively) compared with women in the lowest TAT radiodensity tertile. Although adjusting for BMI attenuated the overall association, women in the middle TAT radiodensity tertile remained at significantly lower odds of CAC when compared to the low radiodensity tertile, 0.47 (0.24, 0.93), p=0.03. No significant associations were found for PVAT radiodensity and calcification measures in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Lower TAT radiodensity was associated with a less favorable cardiometabolic profile. Women with mid-range TAT radiodensity values had a lower odds of CAC presence, independent of CVD risk factors and BMI. More research is necessary to understand radiodensity as a surrogate marker of fat quality in midlife women.
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