Kate E Therkelsen1,2, Alison Pedley1, Klara J Rosenquist3, Udo Hoffmann4, Joseph M Massaro5, Joanne M Murabito6, Caroline S Fox1,7. 1. Division of Intramural Research and the Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA. 2. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 3. Department of Endocrinology, North Shore Physicians Group, Peabody, Massachusetts, USA. 4. Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 5. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 6. Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 7. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Weight gain is associated with fat volume increases, but associations with fat quality are less well characterized The associations of weight change with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volume and attenuation were investigated. METHODS: Computed tomography abdominal scans were acquired on a Framingham Heart Study subset (N = 836; 40.2% women; mean age 45.7 years), a mean of 6.1 years apart. Fat attenuation estimated fat quality. RESULTS: Mean weight change was +2.0 (SD 6.8; IQR -0.7, 5.0) kg in women and +2.7 (SD 6.0; IQR -0.5, 5.4) kg in men. Per 2.5 kg weight increase in women, VAT volume increased 126 cm(3) (95% CI, 112-140, p < 0.0001), SAT volume increased 258 cm(3) (95% CI, 239-278, p < 0.0001), and fat attenuation decreased (i.e., fat quality worsened) in VAT and SAT (p < 0.0001). Increasing VAT volume was associated with decreasing fat attenuation even after accounting for weight change. Relative to weight-stable women (n = 129), women who lost >2.5 kg (n = 58) had smaller SAT attenuation decreases (p < 0.0001). Similar patterns were seen in men. CONCLUSIONS: Weight gain was associated with decreases in fat attenuation independent of VAT and SAT volume changes. These findings highlighted the associations of weight gain and worsening fat attenuation, suggesting fat attenuation may be dynamic.
OBJECTIVE:Weight gain is associated with fat volume increases, but associations with fat quality are less well characterized The associations of weight change with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volume and attenuation were investigated. METHODS: Computed tomography abdominal scans were acquired on a Framingham Heart Study subset (N = 836; 40.2% women; mean age 45.7 years), a mean of 6.1 years apart. Fat attenuation estimated fat quality. RESULTS: Mean weight change was +2.0 (SD 6.8; IQR -0.7, 5.0) kg in women and +2.7 (SD 6.0; IQR -0.5, 5.4) kg in men. Per 2.5 kg weight increase in women, VAT volume increased 126 cm(3) (95% CI, 112-140, p < 0.0001), SAT volume increased 258 cm(3) (95% CI, 239-278, p < 0.0001), and fat attenuation decreased (i.e., fat quality worsened) in VAT and SAT (p < 0.0001). Increasing VAT volume was associated with decreasing fat attenuation even after accounting for weight change. Relative to weight-stable women (n = 129), women who lost >2.5 kg (n = 58) had smaller SAT attenuation decreases (p < 0.0001). Similar patterns were seen in men. CONCLUSIONS:Weight gain was associated with decreases in fat attenuation independent of VAT and SAT volume changes. These findings highlighted the associations of weight gain and worsening fat attenuation, suggesting fat attenuation may be dynamic.
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