Rachel S van Leeuwaarde1, Carolina R C Pieterman2, Eveline M A Bleiker3, Olaf M Dekkers4,5, Anouk N van der Horst-Schrivers6, Ad R Hermus7, Wouter W de Herder8, Madeleine L Drent9, Peter H Bisschop10, Bas Havekes11, Menno R Vriens12, Gerlof D Valk1. 1. Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. 2. Dutch MEN Advocacy Group, Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. 3. Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 4. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. 5. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. 6. Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. 7. Department of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. 8. Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. 9. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 10. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 11. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands. 12. Department of Endocrine Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Abstract
Objective: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary disease characterized by a high risk of developing primary hyperparathyroidism, duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary tumors (PITs). It is unclear if having MEN1 leads to psychological distress because of fear of disease occurrence (FDO), thereby potentially affecting quality of life. Design: A cross-sectional study was performed using the Dutch MEN1 cohort. All patients received the Cancer Worry Scale (a score ≥14 reflects high FDO), the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and questions on sociodemographic and medical history. Results: A total of 227 of 285 (80%) eligible patients with MEN1 completed the questionnaire. The mean (± standard deviation) age was 47 ± 15 years. Overall, patients experienced an FDO of 15.1 ± 4.7, with 58% of patients having a score ≥14. This is higher than reported in previous studies assessing fear of cancer recurrence in different cancer populations (31% to 52%). Adjusted for age and sex, the FDO score was negatively associated with almost all SF-36 subscales. In multivariable analysis, the diagnosis of a PIT, a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and not being employed were associated with FDO (P < 0.05). Patients had higher FDO scores for their family members than for themselves. Conclusion: The majority of patients with MEN1 have FDO for themselves and even more for their relatives. This psychological distress is associated with a lower health-related quality of life. Therefore, in the medical care for MEN1, emphasis should also be placed on FDO and quality of life.
Objective: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary disease characterized by a high risk of developing primary hyperparathyroidism, duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary tumors (PITs). It is unclear if having MEN1 leads to psychological distress because of fear of disease occurrence (FDO), thereby potentially affecting quality of life. Design: A cross-sectional study was performed using the Dutch MEN1 cohort. All patients received the Cancer Worry Scale (a score ≥14 reflects high FDO), the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and questions on sociodemographic and medical history. Results: A total of 227 of 285 (80%) eligible patients with MEN1 completed the questionnaire. The mean (± standard deviation) age was 47 ± 15 years. Overall, patients experienced an FDO of 15.1 ± 4.7, with 58% of patients having a score ≥14. This is higher than reported in previous studies assessing fear of cancer recurrence in different cancer populations (31% to 52%). Adjusted for age and sex, the FDO score was negatively associated with almost all SF-36 subscales. In multivariable analysis, the diagnosis of a PIT, a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and not being employed were associated with FDO (P < 0.05). Patients had higher FDO scores for their family members than for themselves. Conclusion: The majority of patients with MEN1 have FDO for themselves and even more for their relatives. This psychological distress is associated with a lower health-related quality of life. Therefore, in the medical care for MEN1, emphasis should also be placed on FDO and quality of life.
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