Nami Ogawa1, Takashi Mori2, Ichiro Fujishima3, Hidetaka Wakabayashi4, Masataka Itoda5, Kenjiro Kunieda3, Takashi Shigematsu3, Shinta Nishioka6, Haruka Tohara1, Minoru Yamada7, Sumito Ogawa8. 1. Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. 2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Koriyama-shi, Fukushima, Japan. 3. Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, Naka-ku Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka, Japan. 4. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Minami-ku, Yokohama-shi, Japan. Electronic address: noventurenoglory@gmail.com. 5. Department of Oral Rehabilitation Osaka Dental University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan. 6. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Services, Nagasaki Rehabilitation Hospital, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki, Japan. 7. Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. 8. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by difficulty swallowing due to a loss of whole-body skeletal and swallowing muscle mass and function. However, no study has reported on swallowing muscle mass and quality in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in swallowing muscle mass and quality between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic dysphagia. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed in 55 older patients, who had been recommended to undergo dysphagia assessment and/or rehabilitation. Sarcopenic dysphagia was diagnosed using a diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia. The thickness and area of tongue muscle and geniohyoid muscle (coronal plane and sagittal plane), and the echo-intensity of the tongue and geniohyoid muscles were examined by ultrasound. RESULTS: The study participants included 31 males and 24 females (mean age of 82 ± 7 years), with 14 having possible sarcopenic dysphagia, 22 probable sarcopenic dysphagia, and 19 without sarcopenic dysphagia. The group with sarcopenic dysphagia had a significantly lower cross-sectional area and area of brightness of the tongue muscle than that observed in the group without sarcopenic dysphagia. The most specific factor for identifying the presence of sarcopenic dysphagia was tongue muscle area (sensitivity, 0.389; specificity, 0.947; cut-off value, 1536.0), while the factor with the highest sensitivity was geniohyoid muscle area brightness in sagittal sections (sensitivity, 0.806; specificity, 0.632; cut-off value, 20.1). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the area of the tongue muscle and its area of brightness were independent risk factors for sarcopenic dysphagia. However, geniohyoid sagittal muscle area and area of brightness showed no significant independent association with sarcopenic dysphagia. CONCLUSION: Tongue muscle mass in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia was smaller than that in patients without the condition. Sarcopenic dysphagia was also associated with increased intensity of the tongue muscle.
BACKGROUND:Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by difficulty swallowing due to a loss of whole-body skeletal and swallowing muscle mass and function. However, no study has reported on swallowing muscle mass and quality in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in swallowing muscle mass and quality between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic dysphagia. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed in 55 older patients, who had been recommended to undergo dysphagia assessment and/or rehabilitation. Sarcopenic dysphagia was diagnosed using a diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia. The thickness and area of tongue muscle and geniohyoid muscle (coronal plane and sagittal plane), and the echo-intensity of the tongue and geniohyoid muscles were examined by ultrasound. RESULTS: The study participants included 31 males and 24 females (mean age of 82 ± 7 years), with 14 having possible sarcopenic dysphagia, 22 probable sarcopenic dysphagia, and 19 without sarcopenic dysphagia. The group with sarcopenic dysphagia had a significantly lower cross-sectional area and area of brightness of the tongue muscle than that observed in the group without sarcopenic dysphagia. The most specific factor for identifying the presence of sarcopenic dysphagia was tongue muscle area (sensitivity, 0.389; specificity, 0.947; cut-off value, 1536.0), while the factor with the highest sensitivity was geniohyoid muscle area brightness in sagittal sections (sensitivity, 0.806; specificity, 0.632; cut-off value, 20.1). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the area of the tongue muscle and its area of brightness were independent risk factors for sarcopenic dysphagia. However, geniohyoid sagittal muscle area and area of brightness showed no significant independent association with sarcopenic dysphagia. CONCLUSION: Tongue muscle mass in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia was smaller than that in patients without the condition. Sarcopenic dysphagia was also associated with increased intensity of the tongue muscle.
Authors: Stany Perkisas; Sophie Bastijns; Stéphane Baudry; Jürgen Bauer; Charlotte Beaudart; David Beckwée; Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft; Jerzy Gasowski; Hans Hobbelen; Harriët Jager-Wittenaar; Agnieszka Kasiukiewicz; Francesco Landi; Magdalena Małek; Ester Marco; Anna Maria Martone; Ana Merello de Miguel; Karolina Piotrowicz; Elisabet Sanchez; Dolores Sanchez-Rodriguez; Aldo Scafoglieri; Maurits Vandewoude; Veronique Verhoeven; Zyta Beata Wojszel; Anne-Marie De Cock Journal: Eur Geriatr Med Date: 2021-01-02 Impact factor: 1.710