| Literature DB >> 28442016 |
Pengfei Li1, Yutian Lai1, Kun Zhou1, Guowei Che1.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Postoperative complications (PCs) are contributing factors to patient mortality following lung resection. In this retrospective study, the Clavien-Dindo classification was used to analyze the current incidence of PCs and identify the risk factors of different grades of PCs.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2017 PMID: 28442016 PMCID: PMC5999680 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.04.07
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi ISSN: 1009-3419
两组患者基线资料
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristics | Non-PCs | PCs | |
| SD: standard deviation; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; MVV: maximum ventilatory volume; DLco: diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of the lung; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | |||
| Number | 821 (85.0%) | 145 (15.0%) | |
| Age (Mean±SD) | 58.8±9.2 | 60.2±10.1 | 0.048 |
| Gender | 0.452 | ||
| Men | 569 (74.7%) | 105 (72.4%) | |
| Female | 252 (25.3%) | 40 (27.6%) | |
| Smoking history | 0.712 | ||
| Never | 286 (34.8%) | 55 (37.9%) | |
| Current or former | 535 (63.2%) | 90 (62.1%) | |
| Preoperative FEV1(L) | 2.5±0.18 | 2.07±0.22 | 0.001 |
| Preoperative FVC (L) | 3.2±0.84 | 3.27±0.76 | 0.771 |
| Preoperative MVV (L/min) | 96.7±24.1 | 96.4±26.4 | 0.821 |
| Preoperative DLco (mL/min/mmHg) | 24.1±4.7 | 20.3±3.9 | < 0.001 |
| Pathological type | < 0.001 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 576 (70.1%) | 96 (66.2%) | |
| Squamous carcinoma | 198 (24.1%) | 40 (27.6%) | |
| Other | 47 (5.8%) | 9 (6.2%) | |
| Preoperative comorbidities | |||
| COPD | 22 (2.6%) | 70 (48.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 35 (4.2%) | 14 (9.7%) | 0.006 |
| Hypertension | 22 (2.6%) | 15 (10.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical stage | 0.753 | ||
| Stage Ⅰ or 0 | 535 (65.2%) | 90 (62.1%) | |
| Stage Ⅱ | 227 (27.6%) | 41 (28.3%) | |
| Stage Ⅲ | 51 (6.2%) | 12 (8.3%) | |
| Stage Ⅳ | 8 (1.0%) | 2 (1.3%) | |
两组患者临床特征
Clinical characteristics between the two groups
| Characteristics | Non-PCs | PCs | |
| VATS: video-assisted thoracic surgery; WBC: white blood cell. | |||
| Surgical approach | 0.012 | ||
| VATS | 440 (53.6%) | 51 (35.2%) | |
| Open | 381 (43.4%) | 94 (64.8%) | |
| WBC count(×109/L) | |||
| Preoperative | 7.0±1.7 | 7.8±1.9 | 0.041 |
| Postoperative | 16.5±3.8 | 17.8±3.5 | < 0.001 |
| Albumin (g/L) | |||
| Preoperative | 43.0±1.8 | 42.0±2.2 | < 0.001 |
| Postoperative | 30.4±3.1 | 30.0±3.3 | 0.192 |
| Operation time (min) | 116.7±31.7 | 135.0±2.2 | < 0.001 |
| Amount of intraoperative bleeding (mL) | 179.5±46.7 | 178.9±42.7 | 0.890 |
| Average time with the drainage tube (d) | 7.0±1.8 | 10.2±2.3 | < 0.001 |
| Average time of in-hospital stay | 13.6±5.8 | 14.9±5.5 | 0.015 |
| In-hospital expense (¥) | 30, 644.5±4, 784.3 | 40, 999.9±2, 396.0 | < 0.001 |
| Antibiotic use | |||
| Average time of use (d) | 6.9±1.2 | 9.8±2.3 | < 0.001 |
| Second-generation cephalosporins | 796 (96.9%) | 105 (72.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Third-generation or other | 25 (3.1%) | 40 (27.6%) | < 0.001 |
Clavien-Dindo分级系统对肺癌患者术后并发症分级
Complications classified by the Clavien-Dindo Classification of Surgical Complications
| Grade | Occurring time | Percentage (%) |
| ICU: intensive care unit. | ||
| Grade Ⅰ | ||
| Aerothorax ( < 3 d) | 8 | 2.1 |
| Persistent pulmonary leakage ( < 7 d) | 12 | 3.2 |
| Others | 6 | 1.6 |
| Grade Ⅱ | ||
| Persistent pulmonary leakage (≥7 d) | 28 | 7.4 |
| Aerodermectasia | 46 | 12.1 |
| Wound infection | 18 | 4.7 |
| Arrhythmia | 22 | 5.8 |
| Pneumonedema | 21 | 5.5 |
| Increased blood pressure | 27 | 7.1 |
| Atelectasis needing suction | 32 | 8.4 |
| Pneumonia | 74 | 19.5 |
| Thrombus of lower limb | 7 | 1.8 |
| Urinary tract infection | 3 | 0.8 |
| Phrenitis | 1 | 0.3 |
| Others | 7 | 1.8 |
| Grade Ⅲ | ||
| Pleural effusion needing intervention | 26 | 6.8 |
| Persistent atelectasis needing intervention (Sputum aspiration, | 18 | 4.7 |
| Aerodermectasia | 6 | 1.6 |
| Chylopleura | 2 | 0.5 |
| Postoperative pleural hemorrhage needing surgery | 3 | 0.8 |
| Bronchopleural fistula | 2 | 0.5 |
| Above grade Ⅲ | ||
| Respiratory failure | 2 | 0.5 |
| Return to ICU | 6 | 1.6 |
| Other like severe pneumonia resulting in organ failure or death | 3 | 0.8 |
对临床变量和术后并发症的关系进行多变量分析
Multivariate analysis of the association between clinical variables and PCs
| Exp(B) | 95%CI | |||
| Lower | Upper | |||
| Age | 0.126 | 1.03 | 1.004 | 1.058 |
| Preoperative FEV1 | 0.004 | 2.322 | 1.373 | 1.921 |
| Preoperative albumin | 0.071 | 0.74 | 0.648 | 0.846 |
| Preoperative WBC count | 0.067 | 0.771 | 0.67 | 0.887 |
| Operation time | 0.102 | 1.024 | 1.015 | 1.033 |
| Preoperative hypertension | 0.143 | 1.182 | 0.768 | 1.194 |
| Preoperative diabetes mellitus | 0.067 | 0.275 | 0.069 | 1.095 |
| Preoperative COPD | 0.028 | 1.763 | 1.189 | 1.684 |
| VATS | 0.066 | 1.623 | 0.968 | 2.721 |
| Dlco SB | 0.007 | 2.137 | 1.298 | 1.873 |
| Constant | 0.049 | 0.001 | ||
对主要临床变量和术后并发症分级的关系进行多变量分析
Multivariate analysis of the association between main clinical variables and grades of PCs
| Exp(B) | 95%CI | |||
| Lower | Upper | |||
| We listed the variables with statistical significance ( | ||||
| Grade Ⅰ | ||||
| Preoperative FEV1 | 0.015 | 1.469 | 1.488 | 1.891 |
| Operation time | 0.002 | 1.016 | 1.006 | 1.027 |
| Preoperative COPD | 0.000 | 8.696 | 1.638 | 1.783 |
| Grade Ⅱ | ||||
| Preoperative FEV1 | 0.003 | 1.657 | 1.069 | 1.515 |
| Operation time | 0.017 | 1.024 | 1.015 | 1.032 |
| DLco SB | 0.001 | 2.112 | 1.201 | 1.799 |
| Grade Ⅲ or above | ||||
| Preoperative FEV1 | 0.023 | 1.241 | 1.137 | 1.652 |