Tullio Palmerini1, Diego Della Riva1, Umberto Benedetto2, Letizia Bacchi Reggiani1, Fausto Feres3, Alexandre Abizaid3, Martine Gilard4, Marie-Claude Morice5, Marco Valgimigli6, Myeong-Ki Hong7, Byeong-Keuk Kim7, Yangsoo Jang7, Hyo-Soo Kim8, Kyung Woo Park8, Antonio Colombo9, Alaide Chieffo9, Diego Sangiorgi1, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai10, Philippe Généreux11, Gianni D Angelini2, Maria Pufulete2, Jonathon White11, Deepak L Bhatt12, Gregg W Stone11. 1. Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare, University of Bologna, Italy. 2. Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol School of Clinical Sciences, Bristol, Bristol, UK. 3. Istituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 4. Department of Cardiology, Brest University, Brest, France. 5. Générale de Santé, Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud, Massy, France. 6. Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Bern, Switzerland. 7. Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 8. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 9. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 10. Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, and Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. 11. Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY. 12. Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Abstract
Aim: We sought to determine whether the optimal dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration after drug-eluting stent (DES) placement varies according to clinical presentation. Methods and Results: We performed an individual patient data pairwise and network meta-analysis comparing short-term (≤6-months) versus long-term (1-year) DAPT as well as 3-month vs. 6-month vs 1-year DAPT. The primary study outcome was the 1-year composite risk of myocardial infarction (MI) or definite/probable stent thrombosis (ST). Six trials were included in which DAPT after DES consisted of aspirin and clopidogrel. Among 11 473 randomized patients 6714 (58.5%) had stable CAD and 4758 (41.5%) presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the majority of whom (67.0%) had unstable angina. In ACS patients, ≤6-month DAPT was associated with non-significantly higher 1-year rates of MI or ST compared with 1-year DAPT (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.48, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.98-2.22; P = 0.059), whereas in stable patients rates of MI and ST were similar between the two DAPT strategies (HR 0.93, 95%CI 0.65-1.35; P = 0.71; Pinteraction = 0.09). By network meta-analysis, 3-month DAPT, but not 6-month DAPT, was associated with higher rates of MI or ST in ACS, whereas no significant differences were apparent in stable patients. Short DAPT was associated with lower rates of major bleeding compared with 1-year DAPT, irrespective of clinical presentation. All-cause mortality was not significantly different with short vs. long DAPT in both patients with stable CAD and ACS. Conclusions: Optimal DAPT duration after DES differs according to clinical presentation. In the present meta-analysis, despite the fact that most enrolled ACS patients were relatively low risk, 3-month DAPT was associated with increased ischaemic risk, whereas 3-month DAPT appeared safe in stable CAD. Prolonged DAPT increases bleeding regardless of clinical presentation. Further study is required to identify the optimal duration of DAPT after DES in individual patients based on their relative ischaemic and bleeding risks. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
Aim: We sought to determine whether the optimal dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration after drug-eluting stent (DES) placement varies according to clinical presentation. Methods and Results: We performed an individual patient data pairwise and network meta-analysis comparing short-term (≤6-months) versus long-term (1-year) DAPT as well as 3-month vs. 6-month vs 1-year DAPT. The primary study outcome was the 1-year composite risk of myocardial infarction (MI) or definite/probable stent thrombosis (ST). Six trials were included in which DAPT after DES consisted of aspirin and clopidogrel. Among 11 473 randomized patients 6714 (58.5%) had stable CAD and 4758 (41.5%) presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the majority of whom (67.0%) had unstable angina. In ACS patients, ≤6-month DAPT was associated with non-significantly higher 1-year rates of MI or ST compared with 1-year DAPT (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.48, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.98-2.22; P = 0.059), whereas in stable patients rates of MI and ST were similar between the two DAPT strategies (HR 0.93, 95%CI 0.65-1.35; P = 0.71; Pinteraction = 0.09). By network meta-analysis, 3-month DAPT, but not 6-month DAPT, was associated with higher rates of MI or ST in ACS, whereas no significant differences were apparent in stable patients. Short DAPT was associated with lower rates of major bleeding compared with 1-year DAPT, irrespective of clinical presentation. All-cause mortality was not significantly different with short vs. long DAPT in both patients with stable CAD and ACS. Conclusions: Optimal DAPT duration after DES differs according to clinical presentation. In the present meta-analysis, despite the fact that most enrolled ACS patients were relatively low risk, 3-month DAPT was associated with increased ischaemic risk, whereas 3-month DAPT appeared safe in stable CAD. Prolonged DAPT increases bleeding regardless of clinical presentation. Further study is required to identify the optimal duration of DAPT after DES in individual patients based on their relative ischaemic and bleeding risks. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
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