On Zwicker tones and musical pitch in the likely absence of phase locking corresponding to the pitch.

It was assessed whether Zwicker tones (ZTs) (an auditory afterimage produced by a band-stop noise) have a musical pitch. First (stage I), musically trained subjects adjusted the frequency, level, and decay time of an exponentially decaying diotic sinusoid to sound similar to the ZT they perceived following the presentation of diotic broadband noise, for various band-stop positions. Next (stage II), subjects adjusted a sinusoid in frequency and level so that its pitch was a specified musical interval below that of either a preceding ZT or a preceding sinusoid, and so that it was equally loud. For each subject the reference sinusoid corresponded to their adjusted sinusoid from stage I. Subjects selected appropriate frequency ratios for ZTs, although the standard deviations of the adjustments were larger for the ZTs than for the equally salient sinusoids by a factor of 1.0-2.2. Experiments with monaural stimuli led to similar results, although the pitch of the ZTs could differ for monaural and diotic presentation of the ZT-exciting noise. The results suggest that a weak musical pitch may exist in the absence of phase locking in the auditory nerve to the frequency corresponding to the pitch (or harmonics thereof) at the time of the percept.