Jost B Jonas1, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui2, Leonard Holbach3, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas4. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Jost.Jonas@medma.uni-heidelberg.de. 2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. 3. Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess relationships between axial length and the horizontal and vertical globe diameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study consisted of enucleated human eyes. The horizontal, vertical, and sagittal diameters were measured. RESULTS: The study included 135 globes removed because of malignant uveal melanoma (111 globes) or end-stage painful glaucoma (n = 24 eyes). Mean axial, horizontal, and vertical diameters were 24.6 ± 2.6 mm (range: 20-35 mm), 23.7 ± 1.4 mm (range: 21-29 mm) and 23.7 ± 1.4 mm (range: 20-29 mm) respectively. The horizontal diameter and vertical diameter did not differ significantly (P = 0.92), while both were significantly (P < 0.001) shorter than the axial diameter. The horizontal diameter was significantly and linearly correlated with the vertical globe diameter (P < 0.001; regression line: vertical globe diameter = 0.84 × horizontal globe diameter + 3.69). The axial diameter was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with the horizontal diameter and vertical diameters in a bipartite manner. In eyes with an axial length ≤24 mm, horizontal and vertical diameters increased by 0.44 and 0.51 mm, respectively, for each mm increase in axial diameter, while in eyes with an axial length >24 mm, the horizontal and vertical globe diameter increased by a lower amount of 0.19 and 0.21 mm, respectively, for each mm increase in axial diameter. CONCLUSIONS: Myopic enlargement of the globe beyond an axial length of 24 mm takes place predominantly in the sagittal axis, leading to a change in the globe form from a sphere to an elongated form. It fits with the notion that myopic elongation may occur by an elongation of the eye walls in regions close to the globe's equator.
PURPOSE: To assess relationships between axial length and the horizontal and vertical globe diameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study consisted of enucleated human eyes. The horizontal, vertical, and sagittal diameters were measured. RESULTS: The study included 135 globes removed because of malignant uveal melanoma (111 globes) or end-stage painful glaucoma (n = 24 eyes). Mean axial, horizontal, and vertical diameters were 24.6 ± 2.6 mm (range: 20-35 mm), 23.7 ± 1.4 mm (range: 21-29 mm) and 23.7 ± 1.4 mm (range: 20-29 mm) respectively. The horizontal diameter and vertical diameter did not differ significantly (P = 0.92), while both were significantly (P < 0.001) shorter than the axial diameter. The horizontal diameter was significantly and linearly correlated with the vertical globe diameter (P < 0.001; regression line: vertical globe diameter = 0.84 × horizontal globe diameter + 3.69). The axial diameter was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with the horizontal diameter and vertical diameters in a bipartite manner. In eyes with an axial length ≤24 mm, horizontal and vertical diameters increased by 0.44 and 0.51 mm, respectively, for each mm increase in axial diameter, while in eyes with an axial length >24 mm, the horizontal and vertical globe diameter increased by a lower amount of 0.19 and 0.21 mm, respectively, for each mm increase in axial diameter. CONCLUSIONS: Myopic enlargement of the globe beyond an axial length of 24 mm takes place predominantly in the sagittal axis, leading to a change in the globe form from a sphere to an elongated form. It fits with the notion that myopic elongation may occur by an elongation of the eye walls in regions close to the globe's equator.
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