Elin Næs Bertelsen1, Janne Tidselbak Larsen2, Liselotte Petersen2, Jakob Christensen3, Søren Dalsgaard4. 1. National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics, and The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research-iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; 2. National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics, and The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research-iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; 3. Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; and. 4. National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics, and The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research-iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway sdalsgaard@econ.au.dk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Epilepsy, febrile seizures, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are disorders of the central nervous system and share common risk factors. Our goal was to examine the association in a nationwide cohort study with prospective follow-up and adjustment for selected confounders. We hypothesized that epilepsy and febrile seizures were associated with subsequent ADHD. METHODS: A population-based cohort of all children born in Denmark from 1990 through 2007 was followed up until 2012. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for ADHD were estimated by using Cox regression analysis, comparing children with epilepsy and febrile seizure with those without these disorders, adjusted for socioeconomic and perinatal risk factors, as well as family history of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. RESULTS: A total of 906 379 individuals were followed up for 22 years (∼10 million person-years of observation); 21 079 individuals developed ADHD. Children with epilepsy had a fully adjusted IRR of ADHD of 2.72 (95% CI, 2.53-2.91) compared with children without epilepsy. Similarly, in children with febrile seizure, the fully adjusted IRR of ADHD was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.20-1.35). In individuals with both epilepsy and febrile seizure, the fully adjusted IRR of ADHD was 3.22 (95% CI, 2.72-3.83). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a strong association between epilepsy in childhood and, to a lesser extent, febrile seizure and subsequent development of ADHD, even after adjusting for socioeconomic and perinatal risk factors, and family history of epilepsy, febrile seizures, or psychiatric disorders.
OBJECTIVES:Epilepsy, febrile seizures, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are disorders of the central nervous system and share common risk factors. Our goal was to examine the association in a nationwide cohort study with prospective follow-up and adjustment for selected confounders. We hypothesized that epilepsy and febrile seizures were associated with subsequent ADHD. METHODS: A population-based cohort of all children born in Denmark from 1990 through 2007 was followed up until 2012. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for ADHD were estimated by using Cox regression analysis, comparing children with epilepsy and febrile seizure with those without these disorders, adjusted for socioeconomic and perinatal risk factors, as well as family history of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. RESULTS: A total of 906 379 individuals were followed up for 22 years (∼10 million person-years of observation); 21 079 individuals developed ADHD. Children with epilepsy had a fully adjusted IRR of ADHD of 2.72 (95% CI, 2.53-2.91) compared with children without epilepsy. Similarly, in children with febrile seizure, the fully adjusted IRR of ADHD was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.20-1.35). In individuals with both epilepsy and febrile seizure, the fully adjusted IRR of ADHD was 3.22 (95% CI, 2.72-3.83). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a strong association between epilepsy in childhood and, to a lesser extent, febrile seizure and subsequent development of ADHD, even after adjusting for socioeconomic and perinatal risk factors, and family history of epilepsy, febrile seizures, or psychiatric disorders.
Authors: Isabell Brikell; Laura Ghirardi; Brian M D'Onofrio; David W Dunn; Catarina Almqvist; Søren Dalsgaard; Ralf Kuja-Halkola; Henrik Larsson Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2017-08-12 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Isabell Brikell; Qi Chen; Ralf Kuja-Halkola; Brian M D'Onofrio; Kelsey K Wiggs; Paul Lichtenstein; Catarina Almqvist; Patrick D Quinn; Zheng Chang; Henrik Larsson Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2019-01-25 Impact factor: 5.864
Authors: Kirstine J Christensen; Julie W Dreier; Line Skotte; Bjarke Feenstra; Jakob Grove; Anders Børglum; Mitja Mitrovic; Chris Cotsapas; Jakob Christensen Journal: Acta Neurol Scand Date: 2021-04-06 Impact factor: 3.915
Authors: Stephen V Faraone; Tobias Banaschewski; David Coghill; Yi Zheng; Joseph Biederman; Mark A Bellgrove; Jeffrey H Newcorn; Martin Gignac; Nouf M Al Saud; Iris Manor; Luis Augusto Rohde; Li Yang; Samuele Cortese; Doron Almagor; Mark A Stein; Turki H Albatti; Haya F Aljoudi; Mohammed M J Alqahtani; Philip Asherson; Lukoye Atwoli; Sven Bölte; Jan K Buitelaar; Cleo L Crunelle; David Daley; Søren Dalsgaard; Manfred Döpfner; Stacey Espinet; Michael Fitzgerald; Barbara Franke; Manfred Gerlach; Jan Haavik; Catharina A Hartman; Cynthia M Hartung; Stephen P Hinshaw; Pieter J Hoekstra; Chris Hollis; Scott H Kollins; J J Sandra Kooij; Jonna Kuntsi; Henrik Larsson; Tingyu Li; Jing Liu; Eugene Merzon; Gregory Mattingly; Paulo Mattos; Suzanne McCarthy; Amori Yee Mikami; Brooke S G Molina; Joel T Nigg; Diane Purper-Ouakil; Olayinka O Omigbodun; Guilherme V Polanczyk; Yehuda Pollak; Alison S Poulton; Ravi Philip Rajkumar; Andrew Reding; Andreas Reif; Katya Rubia; Julia Rucklidge; Marcel Romanos; J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; Arnt Schellekens; Anouk Scheres; Renata Schoeman; Julie B Schweitzer; Henal Shah; Mary V Solanto; Edmund Sonuga-Barke; César Soutullo; Hans-Christoph Steinhausen; James M Swanson; Anita Thapar; Gail Tripp; Geurt van de Glind; Wim van den Brink; Saskia Van der Oord; Andre Venter; Benedetto Vitiello; Susanne Walitza; Yufeng Wang Journal: Neurosci Biobehav Rev Date: 2021-02-04 Impact factor: 9.052
Authors: Kelsey K Wiggs; Zheng Chang; Patrick D Quinn; Kwan Hur; Robert Gibbons; David Dunn; Isabell Brikell; Henrik Larsson; Brian M D'Onofrio Journal: Neurology Date: 2018-02-23 Impact factor: 9.910
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