Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior1,2,3, Luiz Felipe da Silva Figueiredo4,5, Paulo de Tarso Maciel-Pinheiro6,4,7, Erick Lohan Rodrigues Abud4, Ana Elisa Mendes Montalvão Braga4, Maria Lage Barca8, Knut Engedal9, Osvaldo José M Nascimento6, Andrea Camaz Deslandes4,10,11, Jerson Laks5,10. 1. Physical Education and Sport Department, State University of Montes Claros, Av. Rui Barbosa, 126, Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro, Vila Mauricéia, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. monteirojuniorms@gmail.com. 2. Doctoral Program of Medicine (Neurology-Neuroscience), Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. monteirojuniorms@gmail.com. 3. Neuroscience Laboratory of Exercise, UERJ/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. monteirojuniorms@gmail.com. 4. Neuroscience Laboratory of Exercise, UERJ/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 5. Post-graduation Program of Translational Biomedicine - Biotrans, Universidade Unigranrio, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil. 6. Doctoral Program of Medicine (Neurology-Neuroscience), Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. 7. Institute of Physical Education, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. 8. Norwegian Advisory Unit for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway. 9. Norwegian Centre for Aging and Health, Vestfold Health Trust, 3130, Tønsberg, Norway. 10. Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 11. Institute of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improvements on balance, gait and cognition are some of the benefits of exergames. Few studies have investigated the cognitive effects of exergames in institutionalized older persons. AIMS: To assess the acute effect of a single session of exergames on cognition of institutionalized older persons. METHODS:Nineteen institutionalized older persons were randomly allocated to Wii (WG, n = 10, 86 ± 7 year, two males) or control groups (CG, n = 9, 86 ± 5 year, one male). The WG performed six exercises with virtual reality, whereas CG performed six exercises without virtual reality. Verbal fluency test (VFT), digit span forward and digit span backward were used to evaluate semantic memory/executive function, short-term memory and work memory, respectively, before and after exergames and Δ post- to pre-session (absolute) and Δ % (relative) were calculated. Parametric (t independent test) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney test) statistics and effect size were applied to tests for efficacy. RESULTS:VFT was statistically significant within WG (-3.07, df = 9, p = 0.013). We found no statistically significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Effect size between groups of Δ % (median = 21 %) showed moderate effect for WG (0.63). DISCUSSION: Our data show moderate improvement of semantic memory/executive function due to exergames session. It is possible that cognitive brain areas are activated during exergames, increasing clinical response. CONCLUSION: A single session of exergames showed no significant improvement in short-term memory, working memory and semantic memory/executive function. The effect size for verbal fluency was promising, and future studies on this issue should be developed. PROTOCOL NUMBER OF BRAZILIAN REGISTRY OF CLINICAL TRIALS: RBR-6rytw2.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Improvements on balance, gait and cognition are some of the benefits of exergames. Few studies have investigated the cognitive effects of exergames in institutionalized older persons. AIMS: To assess the acute effect of a single session of exergames on cognition of institutionalized older persons. METHODS: Nineteen institutionalized older persons were randomly allocated to Wii (WG, n = 10, 86 ± 7 year, two males) or control groups (CG, n = 9, 86 ± 5 year, one male). The WG performed six exercises with virtual reality, whereas CG performed six exercises without virtual reality. Verbal fluency test (VFT), digit span forward and digit span backward were used to evaluate semantic memory/executive function, short-term memory and work memory, respectively, before and after exergames and Δ post- to pre-session (absolute) and Δ % (relative) were calculated. Parametric (t independent test) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney test) statistics and effect size were applied to tests for efficacy. RESULTS: VFT was statistically significant within WG (-3.07, df = 9, p = 0.013). We found no statistically significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Effect size between groups of Δ % (median = 21 %) showed moderate effect for WG (0.63). DISCUSSION: Our data show moderate improvement of semantic memory/executive function due to exergames session. It is possible that cognitive brain areas are activated during exergames, increasing clinical response. CONCLUSION: A single session of exergames showed no significant improvement in short-term memory, working memory and semantic memory/executive function. The effect size for verbal fluency was promising, and future studies on this issue should be developed. PROTOCOL NUMBER OF BRAZILIAN REGISTRY OF CLINICAL TRIALS: RBR-6rytw2.
Authors: Maha Jahouh; Jerónimo J González-Bernal; Josefa González-Santos; Diego Fernández-Lázaro; Raúl Soto-Cámara; Juan Mielgo-Ayuso Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-02-07 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Mariana Rocha Alves; Knut Engedal; Jerson Laks; Vinícius Dias Rodrigues; Lara S F Carneiro; Ana Carolina de Mello Alves Rodrigues; Alfredo Maurício B de Paula; Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior Journal: IBRO Neurosci Rep Date: 2021-05-27