Richard E Nelson1, Yan Xie1, Scott L DuVall1, Jorie Butler1, Aaron W C Kamauu1, Kristin Knippenberg1, Markus Schuerch1, Nadia Foskett1, Joanne LaFleur1. 1. Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (REN, SLD, JB, KK, JL); University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (REN, SLD, JB, YX); AbbVie, Inc, Chicago, IL, USA (YX); University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (SLD, KK, JL); Anolinx LLC, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (AWCK); and F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland (MS, NF).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study estimated the risk of infection-related hospitalizations and death in patients with and without multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: We identified adults with MS in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system between 1999 and 2010. Each veteran with MS was matched, on age and sex, with up to four veterans without MS. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to assess the influence of MS on the development of serious and fatal infections. RESULTS: The cohort included 7743 veterans with MS and 30,972 veterans without MS. Mean (SD) age was 53.8 (13.3) years, and 80.8% were male. The incidence per 1000 person-years of overall serious infections was 19.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.6-20.8) for those with MS and 10.3 (95% CI, 9.8-10.9) for those without MS. Fatal infection incidence rates were 1.2 (95% CI, 0.8-1.7) for patients with MS and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3-0.6) for patients without MS. Regression models showed that veterans with MS were at greater risk for overall serious (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.52, P < .01) and fatal (HR = 1.85, P = .03) infections and serious respiratory (HR = 1.31, P = .01), urinary tract (HR = 4.44, P < .01), and sepsis-related infections (HR = 2.56, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that VA patients with MS are more likely than those without MS to be hospitalized and die of infection.
BACKGROUND: This study estimated the risk of infection-related hospitalizations and death in patients with and without multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: We identified adults with MS in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system between 1999 and 2010. Each veteran with MS was matched, on age and sex, with up to four veterans without MS. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to assess the influence of MS on the development of serious and fatal infections. RESULTS: The cohort included 7743 veterans with MS and 30,972 veterans without MS. Mean (SD) age was 53.8 (13.3) years, and 80.8% were male. The incidence per 1000 person-years of overall serious infections was 19.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.6-20.8) for those with MS and 10.3 (95% CI, 9.8-10.9) for those without MS. Fatal infection incidence rates were 1.2 (95% CI, 0.8-1.7) for patients with MS and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3-0.6) for patients without MS. Regression models showed that veterans with MS were at greater risk for overall serious (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.52, P < .01) and fatal (HR = 1.85, P = .03) infections and serious respiratory (HR = 1.31, P = .01), urinary tract (HR = 4.44, P < .01), and sepsis-related infections (HR = 2.56, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that VApatients with MS are more likely than those without MS to be hospitalized and die of infection.
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