E A Tryggvadottir1, H Medek2, B E Birgisdottir1, R T Geirsson2, I Gunnarsdottir1. 1. Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali National University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Clinic, Landspitali University Hospital/University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with negative health effects for mother and child. The aim was to investigate the association between maternal dietary patterns and GDM. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Prospective observational study including 168 pregnant women aged 18-40 years, recruited at routine 20-week ultrasound. All participants kept a 4-day weighed food record following recruitment (commencement: gestational weeks 19-24). Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns from 29 food groups. A Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was constructed. All women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test in weeks 23-28. RESULTS: One clear dietary pattern (Eigenvalue 2.4) was extracted with positive factor loadings for seafood; eggs; vegetables; fruits and berries; vegetable oils; nuts and seeds; pasta; breakfast cereals; and coffee, tea and cocoa powder, and negative factor loadings for soft drinks and French fries. This pattern was labeled a prudent dietary pattern. Explained variance was 8.2%. The prevalence of GDM was 2.3% among women of normal weight before pregnancy (n=86) and 18.3% among overweight/obese women (n=82). The prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower risk of GDM (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.98). When adjusting for age, parity, prepregnancy weight, energy intake, weekly weight gain and total metabolic equivalent of task the association remained (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.94). Similar results were found when only including overweight or obese women (OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: Adhering to a prudent dietary pattern in pregnancy was clearly associated with lower risk of GDM, especially among women already at higher risk because of overweight/obesity before pregnancy.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with negative health effects for mother and child. The aim was to investigate the association between maternal dietary patterns and GDM. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Prospective observational study including 168 pregnant women aged 18-40 years, recruited at routine 20-week ultrasound. All participants kept a 4-day weighed food record following recruitment (commencement: gestational weeks 19-24). Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns from 29 food groups. A Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was constructed. All women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test in weeks 23-28. RESULTS: One clear dietary pattern (Eigenvalue 2.4) was extracted with positive factor loadings for seafood; eggs; vegetables; fruits and berries; vegetable oils; nuts and seeds; pasta; breakfast cereals; and coffee, tea and cocoa powder, and negative factor loadings for soft drinks and French fries. This pattern was labeled a prudent dietary pattern. Explained variance was 8.2%. The prevalence of GDM was 2.3% among women of normal weight before pregnancy (n=86) and 18.3% among overweight/obesewomen (n=82). The prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower risk of GDM (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.98). When adjusting for age, parity, prepregnancy weight, energy intake, weekly weight gain and total metabolic equivalent of task the association remained (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.94). Similar results were found when only including overweight or obesewomen (OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: Adhering to a prudent dietary pattern in pregnancy was clearly associated with lower risk of GDM, especially among women already at higher risk because of overweight/obesity before pregnancy.
Authors: Anne P Starling; Katherine A Sauder; Jill L Kaar; Allison Lb Shapiro; Anna Maria Siega-Riz; Dana Dabelea Journal: J Nutr Date: 2017-05-24 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Li Wen; Huisheng Ge; Juan Qiao; Lan Zhang; Xuyang Chen; Mark D Kilby; Ying Zhou; Jie Gan; Richard Saffery; Jianying Yan; Chao Tong; Hongbo Qi; Philip N Baker Journal: Nutr J Date: 2020-02-10 Impact factor: 3.271