Fen Wang1, Brian A Gordon1, Davis C Ryman1, Shengmei Ma1, Chengjie Xiong1, Jason Hassenstab1, Alison Goate1, Anne M Fagan1, Nigel J Cairns1, Daniel S Marcus1, Eric McDade1, John M Ringman1, Neill R Graff-Radford1, Bernardino Ghetti1, Martin R Farlow1, Reisa Sperling1, Steve Salloway1, Peter R Schofield1, Colin L Masters1, Ralph N Martins1, Martin N Rossor1, Mathias Jucker1, Adrian Danek1, Stefan Förster1, Christopher A S Lane1, John C Morris1, Tammie L S Benzinger2, Randall J Bateman1. 1. From the Departments of Neurology (F.W., D.C.R., S.M., A.M.F., N.J.C., J.C.M., R.J.B.), Radiology (B.A.G., D.S.M., T.L.S.B.), Biostatistics (C.X.), Psychology (J.H.), Neurological Surgery (T.L.S.B.), and Psychiatry (A.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Neurology (E.M.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research at UCLA (J.M.R.), Los Angeles, CA; Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (B.G.) and Department of Neurology (M.R.F.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Butler Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.) and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Mental Health Research Institute (C.L.M.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care (R.N.M.), School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Dementia Research Centre (M.N.R., C.A.S.L.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.) and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany; Neurologische Klinik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (A.D.) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.F.), Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin & TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Neurology (F.W.), Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 2. From the Departments of Neurology (F.W., D.C.R., S.M., A.M.F., N.J.C., J.C.M., R.J.B.), Radiology (B.A.G., D.S.M., T.L.S.B.), Biostatistics (C.X.), Psychology (J.H.), Neurological Surgery (T.L.S.B.), and Psychiatry (A.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Neurology (E.M.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research at UCLA (J.M.R.), Los Angeles, CA; Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (B.G.) and Department of Neurology (M.R.F.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Butler Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.) and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Mental Health Research Institute (C.L.M.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care (R.N.M.), School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Dementia Research Centre (M.N.R., C.A.S.L.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.) and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany; Neurologische Klinik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (A.D.) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.F.), Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin & TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Neurology (F.W.), Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. benzingert@mir.wustl.edu batemanr@wustl.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of cerebral amyloidosis with concurrent cognitive performance and with longitudinal cognitive decline in asymptomatic and symptomatic stages of autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD). METHODS: Two hundred sixty-three participants enrolled in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network observational study underwent neuropsychological evaluation as well as PET scans with Pittsburgh compound B. One hundred twenty-one participants completed at least 1 follow-up neuropsychological evaluation. Four composite cognitive measures representing global cognition, episodic memory, language, and working memory were generated using z scores from a battery of 13 standard neuropsychological tests. General linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the relationship between baseline cerebral amyloidosis and baseline cognitive performance and whether baseline cerebral amyloidosis predicts cognitive change over time (mean follow-up 2.32 years ± 0.92, range 0.89-4.19) after controlling for estimated years from expected symptom onset, APOE ε4 allelic status, and education. RESULTS: In asymptomatic mutation carriers, amyloid burden was not associated with baseline cognitive functioning but was significantly predictive of longitudinal decline in episodic memory. In symptomatic mutation carriers, cerebral amyloidosis was correlated with worse baseline performance in multiple cognitive composites and predicted greater decline over time in global cognition, working memory, and Mini-Mental State Examination. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral amyloidosis predicts longitudinal episodic memory decline in presymptomatic ADAD and multidomain cognitive decline in symptomatic ADAD. These findings imply that amyloidosis in the brain is an indicator of early cognitive decline and provides a useful outcome measure for early assessment and prevention treatment trials.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of cerebral amyloidosis with concurrent cognitive performance and with longitudinal cognitive decline in asymptomatic and symptomatic stages of autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD). METHODS: Two hundred sixty-three participants enrolled in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network observational study underwent neuropsychological evaluation as well as PET scans with Pittsburgh compound B. One hundred twenty-one participants completed at least 1 follow-up neuropsychological evaluation. Four composite cognitive measures representing global cognition, episodic memory, language, and working memory were generated using z scores from a battery of 13 standard neuropsychological tests. General linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the relationship between baseline cerebral amyloidosis and baseline cognitive performance and whether baseline cerebral amyloidosis predicts cognitive change over time (mean follow-up 2.32 years ± 0.92, range 0.89-4.19) after controlling for estimated years from expected symptom onset, APOE ε4 allelic status, and education. RESULTS: In asymptomatic mutation carriers, amyloid burden was not associated with baseline cognitive functioning but was significantly predictive of longitudinal decline in episodic memory. In symptomatic mutation carriers, cerebral amyloidosis was correlated with worse baseline performance in multiple cognitive composites and predicted greater decline over time in global cognition, working memory, and Mini-Mental State Examination. CONCLUSIONS:Cerebral amyloidosis predicts longitudinal episodic memory decline in presymptomatic ADAD and multidomain cognitive decline in symptomatic ADAD. These findings imply that amyloidosis in the brain is an indicator of early cognitive decline and provides a useful outcome measure for early assessment and prevention treatment trials.
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