PURPOSE: To investigate the anatomy of the temporal raphe and its angular relationship to the optic disc and fovea in the human retina in vivo. METHODS: Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) was used to image the temporal raphe in 11 young subjects. The raphe's angle relative to a horizontal line and the raphe-fovea-disc angle (angle between the raphe and the line connecting the disc and fovea center) were determined. In addition, to investigate the impact of aging on the raphe, we imaged the raphe at 9° eccentricity in 10 additional older healthy subjects and compared the raphe's anatomy between the two age groups. RESULTS: The raphe's in vivo appearance was generally in agreement with major findings of ex vivo studies. The raphe angle was -1.67° ± 4.8°, with the ranges from -9° to 6°. It was related to the angle of the foveal depression relative to the disc. The raphe-fovea-disc angle was 170.3° ± 3.6°. The raphe gap, defined as the averaged distance between superior and inferior bundles, was significantly larger in the older subjects than in younger subjects (230.83 ± 113.22 μm vs. 1.93 ± 68.73 μm, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The angle of the raphe in the study was not consistent with classic raphe models. While the angle showed relatively large individual variability, there seems to be a systematic relation between the disc, fovea, and raphe. It may be useful for individualizing retinal measurement strategies with regard to perimetry. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
PURPOSE: To investigate the anatomy of the temporal raphe and its angular relationship to the optic disc and fovea in the human retina in vivo. METHODS: Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) was used to image the temporal raphe in 11 young subjects. The raphe's angle relative to a horizontal line and the raphe-fovea-disc angle (angle between the raphe and the line connecting the disc and fovea center) were determined. In addition, to investigate the impact of aging on the raphe, we imaged the raphe at 9° eccentricity in 10 additional older healthy subjects and compared the raphe's anatomy between the two age groups. RESULTS: The raphe's in vivo appearance was generally in agreement with major findings of ex vivo studies. The raphe angle was -1.67° ± 4.8°, with the ranges from -9° to 6°. It was related to the angle of the foveal depression relative to the disc. The raphe-fovea-disc angle was 170.3° ± 3.6°. The raphe gap, defined as the averaged distance between superior and inferior bundles, was significantly larger in the older subjects than in younger subjects (230.83 ± 113.22 μm vs. 1.93 ± 68.73 μm, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The angle of the raphe in the study was not consistent with classic raphe models. While the angle showed relatively large individual variability, there seems to be a systematic relation between the disc, fovea, and raphe. It may be useful for individualizing retinal measurement strategies with regard to perimetry. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
Authors: Hongxin Song; Toco Yuen Ping Chui; Zhangyi Zhong; Ann E Elsner; Stephen A Burns Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2011-09-21 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Tarek Alasil; Kaidi Wang; Pearse A Keane; Hang Lee; Neda Baniasadi; Johannes F de Boer; Teresa C Chen Journal: J Glaucoma Date: 2013-09 Impact factor: 2.503
Authors: Anne J Lee; Jie Jin Wang; Elena Rochtchina; Paul Healey; Ee-Munn Chia; Paul Mitchell Journal: Clin Exp Ophthalmol Date: 2003-08 Impact factor: 4.207
Authors: Gang Huang; Ting Luo; Thomas J Gast; Stephen A Burns; Victor E Malinovsky; William H Swanson Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2015-06 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Monica F Chen; Toco Y P Chui; Paula Alhadeff; Richard B Rosen; Robert Ritch; Alfredo Dubra; Donald C Hood Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2015-01-08 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Navid Amini; Sara Nowroozizadeh; Nila Cirineo; Sharon Henry; Ted Chang; Tom Chou; Anne L Coleman; Joseph Caprioli; Kouros Nouri-Mahdavi Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2014-10-09 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Donald C Hood; Brad Fortune; Maria A Mavrommatis; Juan Reynaud; Rithambara Ramachandran; Robert Ritch; Richard B Rosen; Hassan Muhammad; Alfredo Dubra; Toco Y P Chui Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2015-10 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Stephen A Burns; Ann E Elsner; Kaitlyn A Sapoznik; Raymond L Warner; Thomas J Gast Journal: Prog Retin Eye Res Date: 2018-08-27 Impact factor: 21.198