Scott M Freeman1, David V Clewett2, Craig M Bennett3, Kent A Kiehl4, Michael S Gazzaniga3, Michael B Miller3. 1. Department of Psychology, University of California at San Diego. 2. Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California. 3. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara. 4. The Mind Research Network.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Psychopathy is a personality disorder with symptoms that include lack of empathy or remorse, antisocial behavior, and excessive self-focus. Previous neuroimaging studies have linked psychopathy to dysfunction in the default mode network (DMN), a brain network that deactivates during externally focused tasks and is more engaged during self-referential processing. Specifically, the DMN has been found to remain relatively active in individuals with psychopathic tendencies during externally focused tasks, suggesting a failure to properly deactivate. However, the exact extent and nature of task-induced DMN dysfunction is poorly understood, including (a) the degree to which specific DMN subregions are affected in criminal psychopaths, and (b) how activity in these subregions relates to affective/interpersonal and antisocial/lifestyle traits of psychopathy. METHOD: We performed a group independent component analysis to assess DMN activation during a Go/NoGo task in a group of 22 high-psychopathy and 22 low-psychopathy prisoners. The identified group-level DMN was parcellated into 6 subregions, and group differences in task-induced activity were examined. RESULTS: In general, DMN subregions failed to deactivate beneath baseline in the high-psychopathy group. A group comparison with the low-psychopathy group localized this attenuated task-induced deactivation to the posteromedial cortical (mPC) region of the DMN. Moreover, multiple regression analyses revealed that activity in the mPC was associated with affective/interpersonal traits of psychopathy. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that attenuated deactivation of the mPC subregion of the DMN is intrinsic to psychopathy, and is a pattern that may be more associated with affective psychopathic traits, including lack of concern for others. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).
OBJECTIVE: Psychopathy is a personality disorder with symptoms that include lack of empathy or remorse, antisocial behavior, and excessive self-focus. Previous neuroimaging studies have linked psychopathy to dysfunction in the default mode network (DMN), a brain network that deactivates during externally focused tasks and is more engaged during self-referential processing. Specifically, the DMN has been found to remain relatively active in individuals with psychopathic tendencies during externally focused tasks, suggesting a failure to properly deactivate. However, the exact extent and nature of task-induced DMN dysfunction is poorly understood, including (a) the degree to which specific DMN subregions are affected in criminal psychopaths, and (b) how activity in these subregions relates to affective/interpersonal and antisocial/lifestyle traits of psychopathy. METHOD: We performed a group independent component analysis to assess DMN activation during a Go/NoGo task in a group of 22 high-psychopathy and 22 low-psychopathy prisoners. The identified group-level DMN was parcellated into 6 subregions, and group differences in task-induced activity were examined. RESULTS: In general, DMN subregions failed to deactivate beneath baseline in the high-psychopathy group. A group comparison with the low-psychopathy group localized this attenuated task-induced deactivation to the posteromedial cortical (mPC) region of the DMN. Moreover, multiple regression analyses revealed that activity in the mPC was associated with affective/interpersonal traits of psychopathy. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that attenuated deactivation of the mPC subregion of the DMN is intrinsic to psychopathy, and is a pattern that may be more associated with affective psychopathic traits, including lack of concern for others. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).
Authors: Lucina Q Uddin; A M Clare Kelly; Bharat B Biswal; Daniel S Margulies; Zarrar Shehzad; David Shaw; Manely Ghaffari; John Rotrosen; Lenard A Adler; F Xavier Castellanos; Michael P Milham Journal: J Neurosci Methods Date: 2007-12-08 Impact factor: 2.390
Authors: Michael D Greicius; Benjamin H Flores; Vinod Menon; Gary H Glover; Hugh B Solvason; Heather Kenna; Allan L Reiss; Alan F Schatzberg Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2007-01-08 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Abigail G Garrity; Godfrey D Pearlson; Kristen McKiernan; Dan Lloyd; Kent A Kiehl; Vince D Calhoun Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2007-03 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: F Xavier Castellanos; Daniel S Margulies; Clare Kelly; Lucina Q Uddin; Manely Ghaffari; Andrew Kirsch; David Shaw; Zarrar Shehzad; Adriana Di Martino; Bharat Biswal; Edmund J S Sonuga-Barke; John Rotrosen; Lenard A Adler; Michael P Milham Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2007-09-21 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Laura Murray; Nestor L Lopez-Duran; Colter Mitchell; Christopher S Monk; Luke W Hyde Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2022-02-17 Impact factor: 10.592
Authors: Philip Deming; Carissa L Philippi; Richard C Wolf; Monika Dargis; Kent A Kiehl; Michael Koenigs Journal: Neuroimage Clin Date: 2018-02-28 Impact factor: 4.881
Authors: Hailey L Dotterer; Rebecca Waller; Daniel S Shaw; John Plass; David Brang; Erika E Forbes; Luke W Hyde Journal: Neuroimage Clin Date: 2019-04-25 Impact factor: 4.881