Daniel E Savage1, Daniel R Brooks2, Margaret DeMagistris3, Lisen Xu2, Scott MacRae4, Jonathan D Ellis5, Wayne H Knox1, Krystel R Huxlin4. 1. The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States. 2. The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States. 3. Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States. 4. Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States. 5. The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of intratissue refractive index shaping (IRIS) using 400-nm femtosecond laser pulses (blue light) for writing refractive structures directly into live cat corneas in vivo, and to assess the longevity of these structures in the eyes of living cats. METHODS: Four eyes from two adult cats underwent Blue-IRIS. Light at 400 nm with 100-femtosecond (fs) pulses were tightly focused into the corneal stroma of each eye at an 80-MHz repetition rate. These pulses locally increased the refractive index of the corneal stroma via an endogenous, two-photon absorption process and were used to inscribe three-layered, gradient index patterns into the cat corneas. The optical effects of the patterns were then tracked using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing. RESULTS: Blue-IRIS patterns locally changed ocular cylinder by -1.4 ± 0.3 diopters (D), defocus by -2.0 ± 0.5 D, and higher-order root mean square (HORMS) by 0.31 ± 0.04 μm at 1 month post-IRIS, without significant changes in corneal thickness or curvature. Refractive changes were maintained for the duration they were tracked, 12 months post-IRIS in one eye, and just more than 3 months in the remaining three eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Blue-IRIS can be used to inscribe refractive structures into live cat cornea in vivo that are stable for at least 12 months, and are not associated with significant alterations in corneal thicknesses or radii of curvature. This result is a critical step toward establishing Blue-IRIS as a promising technique for noninvasive vision correction. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of intratissue refractive index shaping (IRIS) using 400-nm femtosecond laser pulses (blue light) for writing refractive structures directly into live cat corneas in vivo, and to assess the longevity of these structures in the eyes of living cats. METHODS: Four eyes from two adult cats underwent Blue-IRIS. Light at 400 nm with 100-femtosecond (fs) pulses were tightly focused into the corneal stroma of each eye at an 80-MHz repetition rate. These pulses locally increased the refractive index of the corneal stroma via an endogenous, two-photon absorption process and were used to inscribe three-layered, gradient index patterns into the cat corneas. The optical effects of the patterns were then tracked using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing. RESULTS:Blue-IRIS patterns locally changed ocular cylinder by -1.4 ± 0.3 diopters (D), defocus by -2.0 ± 0.5 D, and higher-order root mean square (HORMS) by 0.31 ± 0.04 μm at 1 month post-IRIS, without significant changes in corneal thickness or curvature. Refractive changes were maintained for the duration they were tracked, 12 months post-IRIS in one eye, and just more than 3 months in the remaining three eyes. CONCLUSIONS:Blue-IRIS can be used to inscribe refractive structures into live cat cornea in vivo that are stable for at least 12 months, and are not associated with significant alterations in corneal thicknesses or radii of curvature. This result is a critical step toward establishing Blue-IRIS as a promising technique for noninvasive vision correction. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
Authors: Lisen Xu; Wayne H Knox; Margaret DeMagistris; Nadan Wang; Krystel R Huxlin Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2011-10-17 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Zuoming Qian; Andrés Covarrubias; Alexander W Grindal; Margarete K Akens; Lothar Lilge; Robin S Marjoribanks Journal: Biomed Opt Express Date: 2016-05-23 Impact factor: 3.732
Authors: Kaitlin T Wozniak; Sara M Gearhart; Daniel E Savage; Jonathan D Ellis; Wayne H Knox; Krystel R Huxlin Journal: J Biomed Opt Date: 2017-05-01 Impact factor: 3.170
Authors: Ruiting Huang; Dan Yu; Daniel Savage; Kaitlin Wozniak; Len Zheleznyak; Wayne H Knox; Krystel R Huxlin Journal: Biomed Opt Express Date: 2022-03-22 Impact factor: 3.562
Authors: Kaitlin T Wozniak; Noah Elkins; Daniel R Brooks; Daniel E Savage; Scott MacRae; Jonathan D Ellis; Wayne H Knox; Krystel R Huxlin Journal: Exp Eye Res Date: 2017-08-31 Impact factor: 3.467
Authors: Kaitlin T Wozniak; Sam C Butler; Xu He; Jonathan D Ellis; Wayne H Knox; Krystel R Huxlin Journal: Exp Eye Res Date: 2021-04-20 Impact factor: 3.770