Catheter ablation guided by real-time MRI.

Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combines the advantages of excellent soft-tissue characterization in a true 3D anatomical and functional model with the possibility of lesion and gap visualization without the need of any radiation. Therefore, real-time MRI presents a particularly attractive imaging technology to guide electrophysiology studies and catheter ablation procedures. This article aims to provide an overview on current routine clinical application of MRI in the setting of interventional electrophysiology. Furthermore, development of real-time MRI guided electrophysiology studies and first experiences with MRI guided catheter ablation procedures are depicted. In this context advantages, challenges and limitations of real-time MRI guided catheter ablation as well as future perspectives are discussed.