Suneil Jain1, Jonathan A Coulter2, Karl T Butterworth3, Alan R Hounsell4, Stephen J McMahon3, Wendy B Hyland4, Mark F Muir5, Glenn R Dickson3, Kevin M Prise3, Fred J Currell5, David G Hirst2, Joe M O'Sullivan3. 1. Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom. Electronic address: s.jain@qub.ac.uk. 2. Experimental Therapeutics Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom. 3. Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom. 4. Medical Physics Agency, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast, United Kingdom. 5. Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are novel agents that have been shown to cause radiosensitisation in vitro and in vivo. Tumour hypoxia is associated with radiation resistance and reduced survival in cancer patients. The interaction of GNPs with cells in hypoxia is explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GNP uptake, localization, toxicity and radiosensitisation were assessed in vitro under oxic and hypoxic conditions. RESULTS: GNP cellular uptake was significantly lower under hypoxic than oxic conditions. A significant reduction in cell proliferation in hypoxic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells exposed to GNPs was observed. In these cells significant radiosensitisation occurred in normoxia and moderate hypoxia. However, in near anoxia no significant sensitisation occurred. CONCLUSIONS: GNP uptake occurred in hypoxic conditions, causing radiosensitisation in moderate, but not extreme hypoxia in a breast cancer cell line. These findings may be important for the development of GNPs for cancer therapy.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are novel agents that have been shown to cause radiosensitisation in vitro and in vivo. Tumour hypoxia is associated with radiation resistance and reduced survival in cancer patients. The interaction of GNPs with cells in hypoxia is explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GNP uptake, localization, toxicity and radiosensitisation were assessed in vitro under oxic and hypoxic conditions. RESULTS: GNP cellular uptake was significantly lower under hypoxic than oxic conditions. A significant reduction in cell proliferation in hypoxic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells exposed to GNPs was observed. In these cells significant radiosensitisation occurred in normoxia and moderate hypoxia. However, in near anoxia no significant sensitisation occurred. CONCLUSIONS: GNP uptake occurred in hypoxic conditions, causing radiosensitisation in moderate, but not extreme hypoxia in a breast cancer cell line. These findings may be important for the development of GNPs for cancer therapy.
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