PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the entire course of ACL grafts on coronal oblique MR images, focusing on differences in graft morphology and graft-to-tunnel healing among single-bundle (SB), double-bundle (DB), and triple-bundle (TB) reconstructions. METHODS: Eighty-three patients underwent anatomical ACL reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon. SB reconstruction was performed on 20 patients, DB on 29 patients, and TB on 34 patients. The anteromedial-bundle (AMB) and posterolateral-bundle (PLB) images were extracted from coronal oblique images of grafts at 6 months to visualize their entire course. Signal intensity of grafts was measured independently in three regions: (1) intra-femoral tunnel region, (2) intra-articular region, and (3) intra-tibial tunnel region, followed by calculation of the signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ). To evaluate graft-to-tunnel healing, T2-weighted images were examined for the presence of a high signal-intensity lesion between the graft and bone tunnel around the tunnel aperture. RESULTS: AMB images showed that SB graft was thick throughout the entire course, while DB graft was thinner than SB graft. TB graft showed a fan shape approaching the tibial tunnels. The SNQ in the femoral tunnel of SB graft was significantly lower than in the DB and TB grafts. High signal-intensity lesions were frequently observed around the femoral tunnel aperture in PLB images of DB and TB grafts compared to SB grafts. CONCLUSION: Gross morphology of TB grafts resembled that of the natural ACL. However, the graft-to-tunnel healing around the femoral tunnel seemed to be insufficient in PLB images of DB and TB compared to SB grafts.
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the entire course of ACL grafts on coronal oblique MR images, focusing on differences in graft morphology and graft-to-tunnel healing among single-bundle (SB), double-bundle (DB), and triple-bundle (TB) reconstructions. METHODS: Eighty-three patients underwent anatomical ACL reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon. SB reconstruction was performed on 20 patients, DB on 29 patients, and TB on 34 patients. The anteromedial-bundle (AMB) and posterolateral-bundle (PLB) images were extracted from coronal oblique images of grafts at 6 months to visualize their entire course. Signal intensity of grafts was measured independently in three regions: (1) intra-femoral tunnel region, (2) intra-articular region, and (3) intra-tibial tunnel region, followed by calculation of the signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ). To evaluate graft-to-tunnel healing, T2-weighted images were examined for the presence of a high signal-intensity lesion between the graft and bone tunnel around the tunnel aperture. RESULTS: AMB images showed that SB graft was thick throughout the entire course, while DB graft was thinner than SB graft. TB graft showed a fan shape approaching the tibial tunnels. The SNQ in the femoral tunnel of SB graft was significantly lower than in the DB and TB grafts. High signal-intensity lesions were frequently observed around the femoral tunnel aperture in PLB images of DB and TB grafts compared to SB grafts. CONCLUSION: Gross morphology of TB grafts resembled that of the natural ACL. However, the graft-to-tunnel healing around the femoral tunnel seemed to be insufficient in PLB images of DB and TB compared to SB grafts.
Authors: Daniel Hensler; Kenneth D Illingworth; Volker Musahl; Zachary M Working; Tetsuo Kobayashi; Motoko Miyawaki; Stephan Lorenz; Michelle Witt; James J Irrgang; Johnny Huard; Freddie H Fu Journal: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc Date: 2014-10-19 Impact factor: 4.342
Authors: Ata M Kiapour; Kirsten Ecklund; Martha M Murray; Brett Flutie; Christina Freiberger; Rachael Henderson; Dennis Kramer; Lyle Micheli; Laura Thurber; Yi-Meng Yen; Braden C Fleming Journal: Am J Sports Med Date: 2019-06-05 Impact factor: 6.202
Authors: Martha M Murray; Ata M Kiapour; Leslie A Kalish; Kirsten Ecklund; Christina Freiberger; Rachael Henderson; Dennis Kramer; Lyle Micheli; Yi-Meng Yen; Braden C Fleming Journal: Am J Sports Med Date: 2019-04-15 Impact factor: 6.202
Authors: Saeed Jerban; Takehito Hananouchi; Yajun Ma; Behnam Namiranian; Erik W Dorthe; Jonathan H Wong; Niloofar Shojaeiadib; Mei Wu; Jiang Du; Darryl D'Lima; Christine B Chung; Eric Y Chang Journal: J Orthop Res Date: 2022-01-28 Impact factor: 3.102
Authors: Yong Ma; Christopher D Murawski; Amir Ata Rahnemai-Azar; Catherine Maldjian; Andrew D Lynch; Freddie H Fu Journal: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc Date: 2014-09-16 Impact factor: 4.342