Rosangela A Pereira1, Kiyah J Duffey2, Rosely Sichieri3, Barry M Popkin2. 1. 1 Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS - Bloco J - 2° andar, Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, CEP 21.941-902, Brazil. 2. 2 Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 3. 3 Department of Epidemiology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1% of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3% of energy from trans fat, or >13% of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS. SETTING: Brazilian nationwide survey, 2008-2009. SUBJECTS: Individuals aged ≥10 years old. RESULTS: Mean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52% of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52%) and adolescents (54%). Participants in rural areas (43%) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43%) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87%), trans fat (89%), added sugar (98%) and total sugar (96%) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts. CONCLUSIONS: SoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1% of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3% of energy from trans fat, or >13% of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS. SETTING: Brazilian nationwide survey, 2008-2009. SUBJECTS: Individuals aged ≥10 years old. RESULTS: Mean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52% of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52%) and adolescents (54%). Participants in rural areas (43%) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43%) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87%), trans fat (89%), added sugar (98%) and total sugar (96%) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts. CONCLUSIONS: SoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.
Authors: Sharon Friel; Alan D Dangour; Tara Garnett; Karen Lock; Zaid Chalabi; Ian Roberts; Ainslie Butler; Colin D Butler; Jeff Waage; Anthony J McMichael; Andy Haines Journal: Lancet Date: 2009-12-12 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Maria Inês Schmidt; Bruce Bartholow Duncan; Gulnar Azevedo e Silva; Ana Maria Menezes; Carlos Augusto Monteiro; Sandhi Maria Barreto; Dora Chor; Paulo Rossi Menezes Journal: Lancet Date: 2011-05-09 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Renata Bertazzi Levy; Rafael Moreira Claro; Daniel Henrique Bandoni; Lenise Mondini; Carlos Augusto Monteiro Journal: Rev Bras Epidemiol Date: 2012-03
Authors: An Pan; Qi Sun; Adam M Bernstein; Matthias B Schulze; JoAnn E Manson; Meir J Stampfer; Walter C Willett; Frank B Hu Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2012-03-12
Authors: Rosangela A Pereira; Amanda M Souza; Kiyah J Duffey; Rosely Sichieri; Barry M Popkin Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2014-08-27 Impact factor: 4.022
Authors: L Kline; J Jones-Smith; J Jaime Miranda; M Pratt; R S Reis; J A Rivera; J F Sallis; B M Popkin Journal: Obes Rev Date: 2017-07 Impact factor: 9.213
Authors: Lindsey P Smith; Jenna Hua; Edmund Seto; Shufa Du; Jiajie Zang; Shurong Zou; Barry M Popkin; Michelle A Mendez Journal: Asia Pac J Clin Nutr Date: 2014 Impact factor: 1.662
Authors: Fabio Moura; João Salles; Osama Hamdy; Walmir Coutinho; Deise Regina Baptista; Alexander Benchimol; Albert Marchetti; Refaat A Hegazi; Jeffrey I Mechanick Journal: Nutrients Date: 2015-09-01 Impact factor: 5.717