PURPOSE: Uncorrected presbyopia is a significant cause of visual disability globally. Greater comprehension of the etiology of presbyopia and its contributing factors among medical and vision care providers could lead to changes in correction methods and account for sex differences in near-vision requirements. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed using nine cross-sectional studies that provided sufficient data to compare the prevalence and magnitude of presbyopia among men and women. This analysis was further subdivided into measurement methods to determine what differences in presbyopia might exist between men and women. RESULTS: Studies of presbyopia including sex as a contributing factor were highly heterogenic (P = 0.01) but overall found female sex to be statistically significant in predicting earlier onset for presbyopia with an adjusted confidence interval (CI) using the Shore method of 95% CI [1.02, 1.45]. When limited to studies only measuring accommodative amplitude, female sex was not associated with presbyopia in a fixed effects model with a 95% CI [0.49, 1.07]. CONCLUSIONS: While an association between female sex and presbyopia for subjective measurements (near spectacle prescriptions and add powers) was indicated, measurements of accommodative amplitude show a weak tendency toward the opposite. CONCLUSION: This suggests that increased association of presbyopia for women is not due to a physiologic difference in accommodation but rather due to other sex differences, such as tasks performed and viewing distances. Age-based correction nomograms for presbyopia should therefore consider these sex differences when prescribing add powers for near tasks.
PURPOSE: Uncorrected presbyopia is a significant cause of visual disability globally. Greater comprehension of the etiology of presbyopia and its contributing factors among medical and vision care providers could lead to changes in correction methods and account for sex differences in near-vision requirements. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed using nine cross-sectional studies that provided sufficient data to compare the prevalence and magnitude of presbyopia among men and women. This analysis was further subdivided into measurement methods to determine what differences in presbyopia might exist between men and women. RESULTS: Studies of presbyopia including sex as a contributing factor were highly heterogenic (P = 0.01) but overall found female sex to be statistically significant in predicting earlier onset for presbyopia with an adjusted confidence interval (CI) using the Shore method of 95% CI [1.02, 1.45]. When limited to studies only measuring accommodative amplitude, female sex was not associated with presbyopia in a fixed effects model with a 95% CI [0.49, 1.07]. CONCLUSIONS: While an association between female sex and presbyopia for subjective measurements (near spectacle prescriptions and add powers) was indicated, measurements of accommodative amplitude show a weak tendency toward the opposite. CONCLUSION: This suggests that increased association of presbyopia for women is not due to a physiologic difference in accommodation but rather due to other sex differences, such as tasks performed and viewing distances. Age-based correction nomograms for presbyopia should therefore consider these sex differences when prescribing add powers for near tasks.
Authors: Raymond A Applegate; William J Donnelly; Jason D Marsack; Darren E Koenig; Konrad Pesudovs Journal: J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis Date: 2007-03 Impact factor: 2.129
Authors: Mingguang He; Amza Abdou; Leon B Ellwein; Kovin S Naidoo; Yuddha D Sapkota; R D Thulasiraj; Rohit Varma; Jialiang Zhao; Ivo Kocur; Nathan G Congdon Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2013-08-30 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Ruth E Hubbard; Nancye M Peel; Mayukh Samanta; Leonard C Gray; Brant E Fries; Arnold Mitnitski; Kenneth Rockwood Journal: BMC Geriatr Date: 2015-03-18 Impact factor: 3.921
Authors: James A Katz; Paul M Karpecki; Alexandra Dorca; Sima Chiva-Razavi; Heather Floyd; Elizabeth Barnes; Mark Wuttke; Eric Donnenfeld Journal: Clin Ophthalmol Date: 2021-05-24